CHAPTER 2
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
Section 3201. (previously 3010). Control of Materials.
(a) Standards of Materials. Wherever the name or brand of a manufacturer’s article is specified herein, it is used as a measure of quality and utility or a standard. If the contractor desires to use any other brand or manufacture of equal quality and utility to that specified, he shall make application to the District, in writing, and submit samples if requested. The District will then determine whether or not the brand or article is equal in quality and utility to that specified and the decision shall be final.
(b) Samples and Tests. At the option of the District, the source of supply of each of the materials shall be approved by the District before delivery is started and before such material is used in the work. Representative preliminary samples of the character and quality prescribed shall be submitted by the contractor or producer of all materials to be used in the work, for testing or examination as desired by the District.
All tests of materials furnished by the contractor shall be made in accordance with commonly recognized standards of national organizations, and such special methods and tests as are prescribed in these provisions.
The contractor shall furnish such samples of materials as are requested by the District without charge. No material shall be used until it has been approved by the District. Samples will be secured and tested whenever necessary to determine the quality of material.
(c) Inspection and Testing of Materials. The contractor shall notify the District a sufficient time in advance of the manufacture or production of materials to be supplied by him in order that the District may arrange for mill or factory inspection and testing of the same.
Any material shipped by the contractor from the factory prior to having satisfactorily passed testing and inspection by the District’s representative, or prior to the receipt of notice from said representative that such testing and inspection will not be required, shall not be incorporated on the job.
The contractor shall also furnish to the District in triplicate certified copies of all required factory and mill test reports.
(d) Inspection of Materials by the Contractor. The contractor shall make a close inspection of all materials delivered and shall promptly return all defective materials without waiting for their rejection by the District.
(e) Defective Materials. All materials not conforming to the requirements of these provisions shall be considered as defective, and all such materials, whether in place or not, shall be rejected and shall be removed immediately from site of the work unless otherwise permitted by the District. No rejected material, the defects of which have been subsequently corrected, shall be used until approved in writing by the District.
Upon failure on the part of the contractor to comply with any order of the District made under the provisions of this Article, the District shall have authority to remove and replace defective material and to deduct the cost of removal and replacement from any moneys due or to become due the contractor.
(f) Contractor to Bear Cost and Expense of Samples and Tests. The contractor shall furnish such samples and tests of materials as are requested by the District. The prices paid for the various items of work shall include full compensation for furnishing said samples and tests and no extra allowance shall be made therefor.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 52, 08-05-75)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
Section 3202. (previously 3011). Portland Cement Concrete.
Portland cement concrete shall comply in all respects with the provisions of Section 90, State of California Department of Transportation Standard Specifications.
Class C concrete shall contain Type 1 cement with 675 pounds of cementitious materials per cubic yard as defined in Section 90-101 and have a 28-day compressive strength of not less than 3,000 psi.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 52, 08-05-75)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 57, 08-02-77)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 138, 07-01-05)
(Amended §1, Ord. 150, 07-01-09)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
Section 3203. (previously 3012). Castings.
All castings for manhole frames, covers, and other purposes shall be of tough gray iron, free of cracks, holes, swells, and cold shuts, and be of workmanlike finish, and shall conform to Standard Drawing No. 11, Standard Manhole Frame and Cover, and any other details in the plans and specifications. Said castings shall conform to the requirements of ASTM Designation A-48, Class 30, or better.
Before leaving the foundry, all castings shall be cleaned and dipped twice in a preparation of asphalt or coal tar and oil applied at a temperature of not less than 290 degrees or more than 310 degrees Fahrenheit to form a firm and tenacious coating.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §2, Ord. 57, 08-02-77)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 133, 01-07-03)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 138, 07-01-05)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
Section 3204. (previously 3013). Manhole Steps and Ladders.
Manhole steps shall only be installed if directly instructed or approved by authorized CVSan staff.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 133, 01-07-03)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 138, 07-01-05)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
Section 3205. (previously 3014). Pipe.
All sewer construction materials proposed to be used shall be new materials approved by the authorized District representative or Inspector prior to start of construction.
Where material specification numbers are used herein they shall refer to the latest revision thereof.
(a) Vitrified clay pipe and fittings shall be new, first quality pipe and shall conform to ASTM Designation C-700, as it applies to extra strength clay pipe and fittings, unglazed, and pipe fittings shall be of a quality equal to the straight pipe. Pipe shall be tested in accordance with ASTM Designation C-301.
(b) For building sewers, unless otherwise specified, cast iron soil pipe and fittings may be used conforming to ASTM Designation A-74 or Cast Iron Pipe Institute 301. Cast iron pipe may only be used for private sewer laterals when approval has been granted by the District.
(c) Ductile iron pipe and fittings shall conform to ANSI Designation A 21.51, minimum thickness Class 50. Pipe shall have Protecto 401 ceramic epoxy lining, or approved equal. Ductile iron pipe used for building sewers shall not be required to have Protecto 401 ceramic epoxy lining or approved equal.
(d) High density polyethylene pipe and fittings shall be made of high density, extra high molecular weight (EHMW) polyethylene with a standard thermoplastic material designation code of PE3408 as defined in ASTM D3350. The SDR (standard dimension ratio) and the pressure rating of the pipe supplied shall be SDR 17 or as specified by authorized District representative. HDPE pipe shall have color black with gray lining (with UV protection) or gray and conform to standard design criteria.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 52, 08-05-75)
(Amended, §3, Ord. 57, 08-02-77)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 133, 01-07-03)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 138, 07-01-05)
(Amended §1, Ord. 150, 07-01-09)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 174, 11-07-17)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 183, 09-03-19)
Section 3206. (previously 3015). Pipe Joint Material.
Joint materials are to be used in conjunction with the jointing of the pipes for which the materials or devices were designed. Care will be exercised in the intermixing of different shipments of materials to insure well-fitted joints. All rubber gaskets and/or couplings for pipe joints shall be purchased from or through the firm supplying the pipe.
(a) Vitrified Clay Pipe. Mechanical-type joints and/or couplings having resilient properties conforming to ASTM Designation C-425 or C-594 shall be used and installed as recommended by the manufacturer. Couplings for vitrified clay pipe shall only be used when completing a repair, when splicing is necessary, or when there is a change in material.
(b) Ductile Iron Pipe. Standard mechanical joints conforming to ANSI Designation A 21.11; “Smith-Blair” type coupling, “Tyton-Joint,” or approved equal conforming to ANSI Designation A 21.5 shall be used and installed as recommended by the manufacturer.
(c) Cast Iron Soil Pipe. “No-Hub” as manufactured by A.B.I., Oakland, California (Cast Iron Pipe Institute 301); “Dual-Tite” as manufactured by California Alabama Pipe Co., Southgate, California (Commercial Standard CS 188); “Ty-Seal” as manufactured by the Tyler Pipe Co., Tyler, Texas; or approved equals shall be used and installed as recommended by the manufacturer.
(d) Pipe Couplings. Approved pipe couplings shall be used to join pipes of unlike materials and to join pipes of like materials when a splice is made. Shielded couplings with Type 316 stainless steel bands shall be “Band-Seal” coupling by Mission Rubber Products, Corp., Fernco, or approved equal. Pipe to manhole connections shall be Duraseal flexible gasket, or approved equal. Couplings shall be installed as recommended by the coupling manufacturer.
(e) HDPE Fusion. Sections of HDPE pipe shall be joined by fusion process into continuous lengths at the job site. The joining method shall be by means of zero leak-rate heat-fusion, or electrofusion, and approved mechanical joints, in strict accordance with the pipe manufacturer’s recommendations and with approval of authorized District representative. The internal melt bead of the HDPE pipe shall be removed for all public sewer mains but shall not be required for building sewers.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 52, 08-05-75)
(Amended, §4, Ord. 57, 08-02-77)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 133, 01-07-03)
(Amended §1, Ord. 150, 07-01-09)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 183, 09-03-19)
Section 3207. (previously 3016). Sand.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
(Recodified, §1, Ord. 183, 09-03-19)
Section 3208. (previously 3017). Cement Mortar.
Mortar shall be made from a mixture of one part Portland cement and two parts sand, conforming to Section 3511 of this Code, and clean water. No mortar that has been standing over one hour shall be used.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
Section 3209. (previously 3018). Precast Concrete Manholes.
Precast concrete manholes shall be manufactured as shown on the Standard Drawings No. 13, and shall meet the requirements of ASTM Designation C478-09. All precast concrete manhole sections shall be vacuum tested prior to backfilling and stamped by the manufacturer. A concentric cone section shall not have any steps and is to be installed for all manholes.
(Added, §1, Ord. 35, 04-06-59)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 52, 08-05-75)
(Amended, §5, Ord. 57, 08-02-77)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 133, 01-07-03)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 138, 07-01-05)
(Amended §1, Ord. 150, 07-01-09)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
Section 3210. (previously 3021). Pipe Embedment Material.
The material used for pipe embedment in Class B and Crushed Stone Encasement bedding classes shall be crushed rock, three-quarter-inch to one-quarter-inch, well-graded, nonconsolidating, and not subject to migration. The material shall conform to the grading requirement for the one inch by No. 4 primary aggregate nominal size specified in Section 90-3.02, Coarse Aggregate Grading, of the State of California Department of Transportation Standard Specifications. Minimum bearing coverage shall be 12 inches above and six inches below pipe and shall be compacted as per Section 3408 of this Code.
The material used for pipe embedment in Class C Encasement bedding classes shall be crushed rock as defined in this Section or Class 2 aggregate base as defined in Section 3408 of this Code.
(Added, §4, Ord. 86, 02-06-90)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 133, 01-07-03)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 138, 07-01-05)
(Amended §1, Ord. 150, 07-01-09)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
Section 3211. (previously 3022). Control Low Strength Material.
(a) Control Low Strength Material (CLSM).
(1) Control low strength material (CLSM) or Control density fill (CDF) shall be manufactured in accordance with the following referenced standards. It shall be a hand-excavatable mixture of aggregate, cement, pozzolan, water and admixtures to be used as fill material where indicated in this specification and on the drawings. CLSM may be placed in lieu of trench backfill and pipe embedment material in and around structures or pipelines and shall be as specified in the following paragraphs.
(2) CLSM material shall have the following properties:
(A) Cement shall be Type II in accordance with ASTM C150.
(B) Pozzolan shall be Type F in accordance with ASTM C618.
(C) Coarse aggregate shall consist of a well-graded mixture of crushed rock, soil, or sand with a maximum size aggregate of three-eighth inch. One hundred percent shall pass the one-half-inch sieve. Not more than 30 percent shall be retained by the three-eighth-inch sieve and not more than 12 percent shall pass the No. 200 sieve. All material shall be free from organic matter and not contain more alkali, sulfates or salts than the native soils at the site of the work.
(3) Air entraining shall be used to improve the workability of the mixture in accordance with ASTM C260. Entrained air content shall be between eight and 20 percent.
(4) Water reducing agent shall be added to improve the workability and shall be in accordance with ASTM C494.
(5) Water shall be potable, clean and free from objectionable quantities of silty organic matter, alkali, salts and other impurities.
(6) CLSM shall be a flowable material similar in all respects to Pozzolanic International Flowable Compacting Fill by RMC Lonestar, or equal. The 28-day compressive strength shall be between 50 and 150 psi.
(7) CLSM that has a 28-day compressive strength in excess of 150 psi shall be removed as directed by the Construction Manager and replaced with CLSM meeting the specifications at no additional cost to the Owner.
(8) Contractor shall take field samples of CLSM, when poured/installed in the field to ensure that the strength characteristics are met.
(Added §1, Ord. 150, 07-01-09)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 162, 07-01-14)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 169, 05-03-16)
(Amended, §1, Ord. 183, 09-03-19)
Section 3212. Soil Materials.
(a) Soil shall have a maximum particle size not exceeding three inches and be free of debris, roots, wood, scrap material, vegetable matter, refuse, soft unsound particles, ice, or other deleterious and objectionable materials. Soil is allowed only in landscaped areas, and only as the final layer above imported backfill as shown on the construction documents.
(1) Unsuitable Materials.
(A) Existing material which in the opinion of the District is unsuitable as a foundation, includes but is not limited to unstable material, ground water, vegetal matter, garbage and junk piles; and materials classified in ASTM D 2487 as PT, OH, and OL.
(B) Unsatisfactory materials also include “bay mud,” man-made fills, refuse, and unsuitable backfills from previous construction, either on the surface or buried.
(C) Unsuitable material shall also be materials too wet to properly support the utility pipe, conduit, or appurtenant structure.
(Added, §1, Ord. 183, 09-03-19)