Chapter 21.40 OFF-STREET PARKING

Chapter 21.40
OFF-STREET PARKING

Sections:

21.40.010 Purpose.

21.40.020 Applicability.

21.40.030 Requirements for Off-Street Parking.

21.40.040 Off-Street Parking Spaces Required.

21.40.045 Bicycle Parking for Nonresidential Developments.

21.40.050 Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers.

21.40.060 Parking Requirements for Food Service Uses.

21.40.070 Development Standards for Parking Areas.

21.40.100 Off-Site Parking.

21.40.110 Adjustments to Off-Street Parking Requirements.

21.40.120 Parking Management Districts.

21.40.130 In-Lieu Parking Fee.

21.40.010 Purpose.

The purpose of this chapter is to provide off-street parking and loading standards to:

A. Provide for the general welfare and convenience of persons within the City by ensuring that sufficient parking facilities are available to meet the needs generated by specific uses and that adequate parking is provided, to the extent feasible;

B. Provide accessible, attractive, secure, and well-maintained off-street parking and loading facilities;

C. Increase public safety by reducing congestion on public streets and to minimize impacts to public street parking available for coastal access and recreation;

D. Ensure access and maneuverability for emergency vehicles;

E. Provide loading and delivery facilities in proportion to the needs of allowed uses; and

F. Provide transportation and parking requirements for new development to protect, maintain, and enhance public access in the coastal zone. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.020 Applicability.

A. Off-Street Parking Required. Each use, including a change or expansion of a use or structure, except as otherwise provided for in Chapter 21.38 (Nonconforming Uses and Structures), shall have appropriately maintained off-street parking and loading areas in compliance with the provisions of this chapter. A use shall not be commenced and structures shall not be occupied until improvements required by this chapter are satisfactorily completed.

B. Change, Enlargement, or Intensification of Use. Changes in use and enlargement or intensification of an existing use shall require compliance with the off-street parking requirements of this chapter, except as allowed in Chapter 21.38 (Nonconforming Uses and Structures). (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.030 Requirements for Off-Street Parking.

A. Parking Required to Be on Site. Parking shall be located on the same lot or development site as the uses served, except for the following:

1. Townhouses and Multi-Tenant Uses. Where parking is provided on another lot within the same development site, the parking shall be located within two hundred (200) feet of the units they are intended to serve.

2. Off-Site Parking Agreement. Parking may be located off-site with the approval of an off-site parking agreement.

B. Permanent Availability Required. Each parking and loading space shall be permanently available and maintained for parking purposes for the use it is intended to serve. The Director may authorize the temporary use of parking or loading spaces for other than parking or loading in conjunction with a seasonal or intermittent use.

C. Maintenance. Parking spaces, driveways, maneuvering aisles, turnaround areas, and landscaping areas shall be kept free of dust, graffiti, and litter. Striping, paving, walls, light standards, and all other facilities shall be permanently maintained in good condition.

D. Vehicles for Sale. Vehicles, trailers, or other personal property shall not be parked upon a private street, parking lot, or private property for the primary purpose of displaying the vehicle, trailer, or other personal property for sale, hire, or rental, unless the property is appropriately zoned, and the vendor is licensed to transact a vehicle sales business at that location.

E. Calculation of Spaces Required.

1. Fractional Spaces. Fractional parking space requirements shall be rounded up to the next whole space.

2. Bench Seating. Where bench seating or pews are provided, eighteen (18) linear inches of seating shall be considered to constitute a separate or individual seat.

3. Gross Floor Area. References to spaces per square foot are to be calculated on the basis of gross floor area unless otherwise specified.

4. Net Public Area. “Net public area” shall be defined as the total area accessible to the public within an eating and/or drinking establishment, excluding kitchens, restrooms, offices pertaining to the use, and storage areas.

5. Spaces per Occupant. References to spaces per occupant are to be calculated on the basis of maximum occupancy approved by the City of Newport Beach Fire Department.

6. Spaces Required for Multiple Uses. If more than one use is located on a site, the number of required off-street parking spaces shall be equal to the sum of the requirements prescribed for each use.

F. Nonconforming Parking and Loading. Land uses and structures that are nonconforming due solely to the lack of off-street parking or loading facilities required by this chapter shall be subject to the provisions of Section 21.38.060 (Nonconforming Parking). (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.040 Off-Street Parking Spaces Required.

Off-street parking spaces shall be provided in compliance with Table 21.40-1. Where the off-street parking spaces required are established by a coastal development permit, the review authority shall require sufficient data, including a parking demand study, from the applicant in order to make this determination. These standards shall be considered the minimum required to preserve the public health, safety, and welfare, and more extensive parking provisions may be required by the review authority in particular circumstances. Unless otherwise noted parking requirements are calculated based on gross floor area.

TABLE 21.40-1

OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS
Land Use	Parking Spaces Required
Industry, Manufacturing and Processing, Warehousing Uses
Food Processing	1 per 2,000 sq. ft.
Handicraft Industry	1 per 500 sq. ft.
Industry
Small—5,000 sq. ft. or less	1 per 500 sq. ft.
Large—Over 5,000 sq. ft.	1 per 1,000 sq. ft.
Industry, Marine-Related	1 per 750 sq. ft.
Personal Storage (Mini-Storage)	2 for resident manager, plus additional for office as required by coastal development permit
Research and Development	1 per 500 sq. ft.
Warehousing and Storage	1 per 2,000 sq. ft., plus one per 350 sq. ft. for offices. Minimum of 10 spaces per use
Wholesaling	1 per 1,000 sq. ft.
Recreation, Education, and Public Assembly Uses
Assembly/Meeting Facilities	1 per 3 seats or one per 35 sq. ft. used for assembly purposes1
Commercial Recreation and Entertainment	As required by coastal development permit
Cultural Institutions	1 per 300 sq. ft.
Schools, Public and Private	As required by coastal development permit
Residential Uses
Accessory Dwelling Units	As required per Section 21.48.200
Single-Unit Dwellings—Attached	2 per unit in a garage
Single-Unit Dwellings—Detached and less than 4,000 sq. ft. of floor area	2 per unit in a garage
Single-Unit Dwellings—Detached and 4,000 sq. ft. or greater of floor area	3 per unit in a garage
Single-Unit Dwellings—Balboa Island	2 per unit in a garage
Multi-Unit Dwellings—3 units	2 per unit covered, plus guest parking;
	1—2 units, no guest parking required
	3 units, 1 guest parking space
Multi-Unit Dwellings—4 units or more	2 per unit covered, plus 0.5 spaces per unit for guest parking
Two-Unit Dwellings	2 per unit; 1 in a garage and 1 covered or in a garage
Live/Work Units	2 per unit in a garage, plus 2 for guest/customer parking
Senior Housing—Market rate	1.2 per unit
Senior Housing—Affordable	1 per unit
Retail Trade Uses
Appliances, Building Materials, Home Electronics, Furniture, Nurseries, and Similar Large Warehouse-Type Retail Sales and Bulk Merchandise Facilities	1st 10,000 sq. ft.—1 space per 300 sq. ft. Over 10,000 sq. ft.—1 space per 500 sq. ft. Plus 1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of outdoor merchandise areas
Food and Beverage Sales	1 per 200 sq. ft.
Marine Rentals and Sales
Boat Rentals and Sales	1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of lot area, plus 1 per 350 sq. ft. of office area
Marine Retail Sales	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Retail Sales	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Shopping Centers	1 per 200 sq. ft. See Section 21.40.050
Service Uses—Business, Financial, Medical, and Professional
Convalescent Facilities	1 per 3 beds or as required by coastal development permit
Emergency Health Facilities	1 per 200 sq. ft.
Financial Institutions and Related Services	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Hospitals	1 per bed; plus 1 per resident doctor and 1 per employee
Offices*—Business, Corporate, General, Governmental
First 50,000 sq. ft.	1 per 250 sq. ft. net floor area
Next 75,000 sq. ft.	1 per 300 sq. ft. net floor area
Floor area above 125,001 sq. ft.	1 per 350 sq. ft. net floor area
* Not more than 20% medical office uses.
Offices—Medical and Dental Offices	1 per 200 sq. ft.
Outpatient Surgery Facility	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Service Uses—General
Adult-Oriented Businesses	1 per 1.5 occupants or as required by coastal development permit
Ambulance Services	1 per 500 sq. ft.; plus 2 storage spaces
Animal Sales and Services
Animal Boarding/Kennels	1 per 400 sq. ft.
Animal Grooming	1 per 400 sq. ft.
Animal Hospitals/Clinics	1 per 400 sq. ft.
Animal Retail Sales	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Artists’ Studios	1 per 1,000 sq. ft.
Catering Services	1 per 400 sq. ft.
Care Uses
Adult Day Care—Small (6 or fewer adults)	Spaces required for dwelling unit only
Adult Day Care—Large (7 or more adults)	2 per site for drop-off and pick-up purposes (in addition to the spaces required for the dwelling unit)
Child Day Care—Small (6 or fewer children)	Spaces required for dwelling unit only
Child Day Care—Large (9 to 14 children)	2 per site for drop-off and pick-up purposes (in addition to the spaces required for the dwelling unit)
Day Care—General	1 per 7 occupants based on maximum occupancy allowed per license
Residential Care—General (7 to 14 persons)	1 per 3 beds
Eating and Drinking Establishments
Accessory (open to public)	1 per each 3 seats or 1 per each 75 sq. ft. of net public area, whichever is greater
Bars, Lounges, and Nightclubs	1 per each 4 persons based on allowed occupancy load or as required by coastal development permit
Food Service with/without alcohol, with/without late hours	1 per 30—50 sq. ft. of net public area, including outdoor dining areas 25% of the interior net public area or 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is less. See Section 21.40.060
Food Service—Fast food	1 per 50 sq. ft., and 1 per 100 sq. ft. for outdoor dining areas
Take-Out Service—Limited	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Emergency Shelter	1 per 4 beds plus 1 per staff; and if shelter is designed with designated family units, then 0.5 parking spaces per bedroom designated for family units
Funeral Homes and Mortuaries	1 per 35 sq. ft. of assembly area
Health/Fitness Facilities
Small—2,000 sq. ft. or less	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Large—Over 2,000 sq. ft.	1 per 200 sq. ft.
Laboratories (medical, dental, and similar)	1 per 500 sq. ft.
Maintenance and Repair Services (land use)	1 per 500 sq. ft.
Marine Services
Boat Storage—Dry	0.33 per storage space or as required by coastal development permit
Boat Yards	As required by coastal development permit
Dry Docks	2 per dry dock
Entertainment and Excursion Services	1 per each 3 passengers and crew members
Marine Service Stations	As required by coastal development permit
Sport Fishing Charters	1 per each 2 passengers and crew members
Water Transportation Services—Office	1 per 100 sq. ft., minimum 2 spaces
Personal Services
Massage Establishments	1 per 200 sq. ft. or as required by coastal development permit
Nail Salons	1 per 80 sq. ft.
Personal Services, General	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Studio (dance, music, and similar)	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Postal Services	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Printing and Duplicating Services	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Recycling Facilities
Collection Facility—Large	4 spaces minimum, but more may be required by the review authority
Collection Facility—Small	As required by the review authority
Visitor Accommodations
Bed and Breakfast Inns	1 per guest room, plus 2 spaces
Hotels and accessory uses	As required by coastal development permit
Motels	1 per guest room or unit
Recreational Vehicle Parks	As required by coastal development permit
Time Shares	As required by coastal development permit
Transportation, Communications, and Infrastructure Uses
Communication Facilities	1 per 500 sq. ft.
Heliports and Helistops	As required by coastal development permit
Marinas	0.75 per slip or 0.75 per 25 ft. of mooring space
Vehicle Rental, Sale, and Service Uses
Vehicle/Equipment Rentals
Office Only	1 per 250 sq. ft.
Limited	1 per 300 sq. ft., plus 1 per rental vehicle (not including bicycles and similar vehicles)
Vehicle/Equipment Rentals and Sales	1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of lot area
Vehicles for Hire	1 per 300 sq. ft., plus 1 per each vehicle associated with the use and stored on the same site
Vehicle Sales, Office Only	1 per 250 sq. ft., plus 1 as required by DMV
Vehicle/Equipment Repair (General and Limited)	1 per 300 sq. ft. or 5 per service bay, whichever is more
Vehicle/Equipment Services
Automobile Washing	1 per 200 sq. ft. of office or lounge area; plus queue for 5 cars per washing station
Service Station	1 per 300 sq. ft. or 5 per service bay, whichever is more; minimum of 4
Service Station with Convenience Market	1 per 200 sq. ft., in addition to 5 per service bay
Vehicle Storage	1 per 500 sq. ft.
Other Uses
Caretaker Residence	1 per unit
Special Events	As required by coastal development permit
Temporary Uses	As required by the coastal development permit in compliance with Chapter 21.52

1. The one per three seats standard should be used for areas with fixed seating and the one per thirty-five (35) square feet standard should be used for areas with no fixed seating.

(Ord. 2019-1 § 4, 2019; Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.045 Bicycle Parking for Nonresidential Developments.

A. Applicability. The bicycle parking standards of this section shall be required for new nonresidential developments with gross floor areas of ten thousand (10,000) square feet or more. Nonresidential developments that are less than ten thousand (10,000) square feet shall be encouraged to provide such facilities, when feasible.

B. Number Required. Five percent of the number of off-street parking spaces required.

C. Design Requirements. For each bicycle parking space required, a stationary object securely anchored to a permanent surface shall be provided to which a user can secure the bicycle with a user-provided cable and lock. The stationary object may be either a freestanding bicycle rack, a wall-mounted bracket, or a bicycle locker.

D. Location. Parking areas shall be located in compliance with the following requirements:

1. The location of bicycle parking spaces is dependent on the intended duration of use for the space.

a. Short-term bicycle parking spaces shall be located to be visible from public areas such as public streets, storefronts, sidewalks, plazas, and to be convenient to the target users of the bicycle parking to the maximum extent feasible and shall be placed within one hundred (100) feet of the structure’s main pedestrian entrance or as close as feasible.

b. Long-term bicycle parking spaces shall be located in a well-illuminated, secured, covered area. Accessible to and from nearby public streets and sidewalks for the target users of the bicycle parking, who may or may not include the general public. Located at surface levels near the structure’s main pedestrian entrance or in the parking garage.

2. Bicycle parking spaces shall be located directly adjacent to a bicycle rack or within a secure, single bicycle locker and shall allow for convenient, unobstructed access to such bicycle rack or locker;

3. Bicycle parking spaces shall be located so as not to block pedestrian entrances, walkways, or circulation patterns in or around nearby facilities or structures.

E. Signage. Appropriate signage identifying the location of both short- and long-term bicycle parking shall be provided. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.050 Parking Requirements for Shopping Centers.

A. An off-street parking space requirement of one space for each two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area may be used for shopping centers meeting the following criteria:

1. The gross floor area of the shopping center does not exceed one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet; and

2. The gross floor area of all eating and drinking establishments does not exceed fifteen (15) percent of the gross floor area of the shopping center.

B. Individual tenants with a gross floor area of ten thousand (10,000) square feet or more shall meet the parking space requirement for the applicable use in compliance with Section 21.40.040 (Off-Street Parking Spaces Required) and Section 21.40.045 (Bicycle Parking for Nonresidential Developments).

C. Shopping centers with gross floor areas in excess of one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet or with eating and drinking establishments occupying more than fifteen (15) percent of the gross floor area of the center shall use a parking requirement equal to the sum of the requirements prescribed for each use in the shopping center. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.060 Parking Requirements for Food Service Uses.

A. Establishment of Parking Requirement. The applicable review authority shall establish the off-street parking requirement for food service uses within a range of one space for each thirty (30) to fifty (50) square feet of net public area based upon the following considerations:

1. Physical Design Characteristics.

a. The gross floor area of the building or tenant space;

b. The number of tables or seats and their arrangement;

c. Other areas that should logically be excluded from the determination of net public area, such as sales and display areas;

d. The parking lot design, including the use of small car spaces, tandem and valet parking and loading areas;

e. Availability of guest dock space for boats; and

f. Extent of outdoor dining.

2. Operational Characteristics.

a. The amount of floor area devoted to live entertainment or dancing;

b. The amount of floor area devoted to the sale of alcoholic beverages;

c. The presence of pool tables, big screen televisions or other attractions;

d. The hours of operation; and

e. The expected turnover rate.

3. Location of the Establishment.

a. In relation to other uses and the waterfront;

b. Availability of off-site parking nearby;

c. Amount of walk-in trade; and

d. Parking problems in the area at times of peak demand.

B. Conditions of Approval. If during the review of the application, the review authority uses any of the preceding considerations as a basis for establishing the parking requirement, the substance of the considerations shall become conditions of the permit application approval and a change to any of the conditions will require an amendment to the permit application, which may be amended to establish parking requirements within the range as noted above. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.070 Development Standards for Parking Areas.

A. Parking Space Standards. Parking spaces shall be designed to have adequate dimensions, clearances, and access to ensure their use.

1. Minimum Parking Space and Drive Aisle Dimensions. Each parking space, drive aisle, and other parking lot features shall comply with the minimum dimension requirements in Tables 21.40-2 and 21.40-3 and as illustrated in Figure 21.40-1.

2. Width of Parking Aisle. The width of parking aisles may be reduced by the Public Works Director in unique situations arising from narrow lots or existing built conditions when traffic safety concerns have been addressed.

TABLE 21.40-2

MINIMUM STANDARD PARKING SPACE SIZE
Minimum Standard Space Requirements
Width	Length
8 ft. 6 in.	17 ft.

TABLE 21.40-3

STANDARD VEHICLE SPACE REQUIREMENTS
Angle	Stall Width (1)(3)	Stall Depth (2)	Stall Length (3)	Aisle Width
Angle	Stall Width (1)(3)	Stall Depth (2)	Stall Length (3)	One-Way	Two-Way
Parallel	8 ft.	N/A	22 ft.	14 ft.	24 ft.
30	8 ft. 6 in.	16 ft.	17 ft.	14 ft.	N/A
45	8 ft. 6 in.	18 ft.	17 ft.	14 ft.	N/A
60	8 ft. 6 in.	19 ft.	17 ft.	18 ft.	N/A
90	8 ft. 6 in.	17 ft.	17 ft.	26 ft.	26 ft.

(1) When the length of a parking space abuts a wall, or similar obstruction, the required width of the space shall be increased to nine feet.

(2) Measured perpendicular to aisle.

(3) Structural elements shall not encroach into the required stall, with the exception of a one square foot area at the front corners.

3. Bumper Overhang Areas. A maximum of two and one-half feet of the parking stall depth may be landscaped with low-growing, hearty materials in lieu of paving or an adjacent walkway may be increased, allowing a two and one-half foot bumper overhang while maintaining the required parking dimensions.

4. Compact Parking. Compact parking spaces shall not be allowed. However, where they exist at the time of adoption of this Zoning Code, they may remain and shall not be considered a nonconforming condition.

Figure 21.40-1

B. Alley Access. Development on lots or parcels with alley access shall be designed such that access to on-site parking spaces is accessed by the abutting alley.

1. Exceptions. The reviewing authority may grant an exception on lots:

a. Where the width of the abutting alley is not sufficient to provide maneuvering space for access; or

b. Where the provision of access by abutting streets would not result in the loss of existing on-street parking spaces or prevent the creation of new on-street parking spaces by the closure of existing curb cuts.

C. Driveways. Project and subdivision designs shall minimize the number of curb cuts for driveways. Existing curb cuts shall be closed to create public on-street parking wherever feasible.

D. Parking Configuration/Management. Parking configurations and/or parking management programs that are difficult to maintain and enforce shall not be permitted. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.100 Off-Site Parking.

A. Applicability. This section shall apply to any nonresidential development where all or a portion of required parking is not located on the same site it is intended to serve.

B. Standards for Off-Site Parking Facilities. An off-site parking facility shall comply with the following standards:

1. The parking facility shall be located within a five hundred (500) foot distance unless alternative transportation provided to the use it is intended to serve;

2. On-street parking shall not be counted towards meeting any parking requirements;

3. The off-site, off-street parking shall not impact public parking available for coastal access;

4. Use of the parking facility shall not create undue traffic hazards or impacts in the surrounding area;

5. The parking facility shall be permanently available, marked, and maintained for the use it is intended to serve; and

6. Public parking facilities may only be used as an off-site parking facility as part of an overall Parking Management Plan.

C. Parking Agreement. A parking agreement, which guarantees the long-term availability of the parking facility for the use it is intended to serve, shall be recorded with the County Recorder’s Office. The agreement shall be in a form approved by the City Attorney and the Director.

D. Loss of Off-Site Parking.

1. Notification of City. The owner or operator of a business that uses an approved off-site parking facility to satisfy the parking requirements of this chapter shall immediately notify the Director of any change of ownership or use of the property where the spaces are located, or changes in the use that the spaces are intended to serve, or of any termination or default of the agreement between the parties.

2. Effect of Termination of Agreement. Upon notification that the agreement for the required off-site parking has terminated, the Director shall establish a reasonable time in which one of the following shall occur:

a. Substitute parking is provided that is acceptable to the Director; or

b. The size or capacity of the use is reduced in proportion to the parking spaces lost. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.110 Adjustments to Off-Street Parking Requirements.

The number of parking spaces required by this chapter may be reduced only in compliance with the following standards and procedures:

A. Reduction of Required Off-Street Parking. Off-street parking requirements may be reduced as follows:

1. Reduced Parking Demand. Required off-street parking may be reduced in compliance with the following conditions:

a. The applicant has provided sufficient data, including a parking study if required by the Director, to indicate that parking demand will be less than the required number of spaces or that other parking is available (e.g., City parking lot located nearby, on-street parking available, greater than normal walk in trade, mixed-use development); and

b. A parking management plan shall be prepared in compliance with subsection (B) of this section (Parking Management Plan).

2. Joint Use of Parking Facilities. Required off-street parking may be reduced where two or more nonresidential uses on the same site or immediately adjacent sites have distinct and differing peak parking demands (e.g., a theater and a bank). The review authority may grant a joint use of parking spaces between the uses that results in a reduction in the total number of required parking spaces.

B. Parking Management Plan. When a parking management plan to mitigate impacts associated with a reduction in the number of required parking spaces is proposed, as allowed by this chapter, the parking management plan may include, but is not limited to, the following when required by the review authority:

1. Restricting land uses to those that have hours or days of operation so that the same parking spaces can be used by two or more uses without conflict;

2. Restricting land uses with high parking demand characteristics;

3. Securing off-site parking;

4. Providing parking attendants and valet parking;

5. Utilization of transportation demand management strategies that promote the use of alternative transportation modes (e.g., ridesharing, carpools, vanpools, public transit, shuttles, bicycles and walking) pursuant to Section 21.44.030 (Transportation Demand Management); and

6. Other appropriate mitigation measures.

C. Required Data. In reaching a decision to allow a reduction of required parking spaces, the review authority shall consider data submitted by the applicant or collected/prepared at the applicant’s expense and any other data that is available to the review authority.

D. Impact to Coastal Access Prohibited. No application for a reduction in the number of off-street parking requirements shall be approved that impacts public parking available for coastal access. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.120 Parking Management Districts.

Properties within a Parking Management (PM) Overlay District may be exempted from all or part of the off-street parking requirements of this chapter in compliance with the provisions of the adopted parking management district plan per Section 21.28.030 (Parking Management (PM) Overlay District). (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)

21.40.130 In-Lieu Parking Fee.

The number of parking spaces required by Section 21.40.040 (Off-Street Parking Spaces Required) may be reduced pursuant to an adopted Parking District Management Plan if the review authority authorizes the use of an in-lieu fee to be paid by the applicant towards the development of public parking facilities and/or implementation of a nonautomobile circulation system. The in-lieu fee shall be paid to the Citywide Parking Improvement Trust Fund. The amount of the fee and time of payment shall be established by Council resolution and shall be commensurate with actual market value cost for the provision of off-street parking space. (Ord. 2016-19 § 9 (Exh. A)(part), 2016)