X. GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Accessory Dwelling Unit: A separate dwelling unit that is substantially contained within the structure of a single-family residence or an outbuilding which is accessory to such residence. [Ord. No. 2782, § 3.1, (November 19, 2001)].

Accessory Use: A use of land or a building or portion thereof customarily incidental and subordinate to the principle use of the land or building and located on the same lot with the principal use.

Action Strategy: The actions necessary to implement the community vision. This includes new public facilities and services to be provided under this Plan, and funding sources.

Adaptive Reuse: The use of an older building which is no longer suited for its original purpose, but may be modified and reused for a different purpose (e.g., housing). A common example is the conversion of older public school buildings to rental or condominium apartments.

Affordable Housing: Affordable housing is generally defined as housing where the occupant is paying no more than 30% of gross income for housing costs, including utilities, and meets the needs of moderate or low-income households. While affordable housing is often thought of as subsidized housing, this is not necessarily so. Market housing, meeting low and moderate income targets, with affordability controls in place, may also qualify.

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): A 1990 federal law designed to bring disabled Americans into the economic mainstream by providing them equal access to jobs, transportation, public facilities, and services.

Annexation: The act of incorporating an area into the domain of a city.

Applicant: A person submitting an application for development.

Aquifers: Water-bearing strata of rock, gravel, or sand. These may vary in size from ground water resources of small quantity to enormous underground resources. The quantity of an aquifer is normally measured by well yields or by the water table height.

Aquifer Recharge Area: Point of interchange between ground water and the surface. Recharge refers to the addition of water to the zone of saturation (note: aquifer recharge areas are also known as ground water recharge areas).

Arterial, Minor: A street with signals at important intersections and stop signs on the side streets and that collects and distributes traffic to and from collector streets.

Arterial, Major: A street with access control, channelized intersections, restricted parking, and that collects and distributes traffic to and from minor arterials.

Assisted Living Facility. [Deleted by Ord. No. 2782, § 3.1, (November 19, 2001)].

Best Management Practice (BMP): State-of-the-art technology as applied to a specific problem. BMPs are often required as part of major land development projects. The BMP represents physical, institutional, or strategic approaches to environmental problems, particularly with respect to nonpoint source pollution control.

Bicycle Lane: A clearly marked lane of travel for bicycles on the side of a street or roadway, separated from the automobile lanes by painted strips, curbs or buttons.

Bicycle Path: A bicycle facility that is physically separated from the roadway and its associated vehicular traffic. No motorized vehicles are permitted.

Bond & Levy Financing: Local governments can raise revenues by selling tax-exempt municipal bonds or by increasing property taxes through property tax levies. Bonds require a 60% voter approval; levies require a simple majority. The City can issue a limited amount of debt without voter approval. This is called limited general obligation or councilmanic debt. Voter approved bonds are retired with property tax revenues.

Building: Any structure having a roof intended to be used for shelter or enclosure of persons, plants, animals and property.

Capacity: The ability to contain, absorb, or receive and hold employment, residential development, vehicles, sewage, etc.

Capital Facilities: Public structures, improvements, pieces of equipment or other major assets, including land, that have a useful life of at least 10 years. Capital facilities are provided by and for public purposes and services. For the purposes of the Capital Facilities and Utilities Element of this Plan, capital facilities are fire and rescue facilities, government offices, law enforcement facilities, sewer and water systems, parks, open space, and recreational facilities, public health facilities, and public schools.

Capital Improvement Program (CIP): A plan for future capital expenditures which identifies each capital project, its anticipated start and completion, and allocates existing funds and known revenue sources over a six- year period.

Capital Improvements: Projects to create, expand, or modify a capital facility. The project may include design permitting, environmental analysis, land acquisition, construction, landscaping, site improvements, initial furnishings, and equipment. The project cost must exceed $15,000 and have a useful life of at least five years.

Census Tracts: A spatial unit of measurement used by the Federal Bureau of Census to collect demographic data.

Cluster Development: A development design technique that concentrates buildings in specific areas on a site to allow the remaining land to be used for recreation, common open space, and preservation of environmentally sensitive areas.

Collector: A street that collects traffic from local streets and connects with minor and major arterials.

Comprehensive Plan: A generalized coordinated policy statement of the governing body of a city that is adopted pursuant to the Washington State Growth Management Act (Chapter 36.70A RCW). A document or series of documents prepared by a professional planning staff and planning commission that sets forth guidelines and policies for the future development of a community. Such a plan should be the result of considerable public input, study, and analysis of existing physical, economic, environmental and social conditions, and a projection of likely future conditions.

Concurrency: A Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA) requirement which mandates that public transportation infrastructure (e.g., arterials and transit routes) needed to maintain adopted level of service standards is available within six years of development. The GMA mandates concurrency for transportation facilities, and allows local jurisdictions to establish their own concurrency requirements for other necessary public infrastructure (e.g., water, wastewater, stormwater). Concurrency is also a mechanism for assuring that improvements or strategies to accommodate the impacts of development are in place at the time of development approval, or that a financial commitment is in place to complete the improvements or strategies within a specified period of time (e.g., six years). A process of reassessment, concurrency is a key link between land use, transportation, water and sewer, and development approval.

Condominium: A system of separate ownership of individual units, usually in a multiple tenant building. A single parcel of property with all the unit owners having a right in common to use the common elements, with separate ownership confined to the individual units which are serially designated.

Congregate Care/Assisted Living Facility: A building or complex containing seven or more dwelling units or bedrooms designed for, but not limited to, occupancy by senior citizens which provides for shared use of facilities, such as kitchens, dining areas, and recreation areas. Such complexes may also provide kitchens and dining space in individual dwelling units. Practical nursing and Alzheimer's care may be provided, as well as recreational programs and facilities. [Ord. No. 2782, § 3.1, (November 19, 2001)].

Consistency: The requirement that subdivision regulations, zoning regulations and capital improvements programs be consistent with the comprehensive plan and each of its elements, and that individual land use decisions also be consistent with the plan. The GMA requires that the Plan be both internally consistent and consistent with neighboring jurisdictions.

Cottage Homes: A small detached dwelling unit. A year-round dwelling unit that meets local standards for space, heating, and sanitary facilities (see also efficiency dwelling unit).

County-Wide Planning Policy (CWPP): Required by the GMA, and adopted by the Jefferson County Board of Commissioners, the CWPP is a series of policies which embodies a vision of the future of Jefferson County. This policy framework is intended to guide the development of Comprehensive Plans of communities in the County.

Critical Areas: Wetlands, aquifer recharge areas, fish and wildlife habitat areas, frequently flooded areas, geologically hazardous areas, and rare/endangered plant habitat areas that every county and city in the state are required to classify, designate, and regulate to protect, under the GMA.

Density: The number of families, persons or housing units per unit of land usually expressed as "per acre." There are several different ways of measuring density, including:

a. Net Site Density: Units per net residential, commercial or industrial development site area; and

b. Gross Density: Units per gross site area before dedication, covenants or designation of a portion of the site as unbuildable or open space.

Detention: The process of collecting and holding back stormwater for delayed release to receiving waters.

Developer: The legal or beneficial owner or owners of a lot or of any land included in a proposed development, including the holder of an option or contract to purchase, or other persons having enforceable proprietary interests in such land (see also applicant).

Downzoning: A change in the zoning classification of land to a classification which requires less intensive development, such as a change from multi-family to single-family or from commercial to residential. A change which allows more intensive development is upzoning.

Duplex: A single structure containing two dwelling units, either side by side or above one another (see Figure X-1 on page X-4).

FIGURE X-1: DUPLEX

FIGURE X-2: FOURPLEX

Dwelling Unit: Any building or portion thereof that contains separate living facilities for not more than one family. Separate living facilities shall constitute: provisions for sleeping, eating, kitchen facilities (including at least an oven range or cooking device and a permanently installed sink), and bathroom facilities. "Dwelling unit" does not include motel, tourist court, boarding house, or tourist home units. [Ord. No. 2782, § 3.1, (November 19, 2001)].

Easement: A right or privilege that a person may have on another's land, such as a right-of-way.

Efficiency Dwelling Unit: A dwelling unit consisting of not more than one habitable room together with kitchen or kitchenette, and sanitary facilities.

Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESA): Those areas, designated, mapped and regulated by environmentally sensitive area regulations. These areas have existing site conditions which require development standards to minimize specific on-site and off-site adverse environmental impacts including stream siltation, hill-slides, and reduction of wildlife habitat. ESAs include wetlands, riparian corridors, steep slopes, slide-prone areas, areas subject to liquefaction, known-slide hazard areas, hazardous waste sites, floodplains, and wildlife habitat areas.

Fair Share Housing: The concept that affordable and special needs housing should be proportionately distributed throughout appropriate areas of the County, rather than concentrated in the City. The two main purposes of fair share housing are: to equitably distribute the costs of affordable and special needs housing among local governments; and to encourage social integration of various groups.

Family: One or more persons related by blood, marriage, adoption, or a group of not more than six persons not related by blood or marriage, living together as a single housekeeping unit in a dwelling unit. The persons thus constituting a family may also include foster children, guests and domestic servants. State-licensed adult family homes and consensual living arrangements of disabled persons, in accordance with the federal Fair Housing Act, are exempt from this definition. [Ord. No. 2782, § 3.1, (November 19, 2001)].

Family Wage Jobs: Jobs that pay a wage or salary which allows an individual or family to purchase a home, feed and clothe a family, pay for medical care, take a vacation, save for retirement, and send the kids to college.

Floor Area Ratio (FAR): A measure of development intensity. It is gross building area (i.e., square footage of the total floor area) divided by net on-site land area (i.e., square feet). In planning and zoning, it is often expressed as a decimal. For instance, .050 indicates that the floor area of a building equals 50% of the total on-site land area. FAR is also indicated as a ratio which expresses the relationship between the amount of gross floor area permitted in a structure and the area of the lot on which the structure is located.

Fourplex: Four attached dwellings in one building in which each unit has two open space exposures and shares one or two walls with adjoining units (see Figure X-2 on page X-4).

Functional Classification: A technique for assigning categories to transportation facilities based on a facility's role in the overall transportation system.

Functional Plans: Planning documents which establish long-range goals and objectives to guide city operations and capital development requests. These plans typically represent ideal goals for specific city departments in providing urban services and facilities.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS): A computerized system to map and access geographic information through a database.

Grow Homes: Low cost, adaptable alternative dwelling units, modeled after homes first designed by the Affordable Homes Program at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. Typically, grow homes are very compact (i.e., less than 200 square feet), and contain a kitchen, bathroom and living room on the ground floor; units also typically contain an unpartitioned second floor, which can later be modified to include two bedrooms and a second bathroom. Grow homes are intended to provide affordable living accommodations without sacrificing quality or occupant living comfort. Alternative grow home housing may be more suited to the changing demographic profile of Port Townsend and more attainable to the average young, first-time buyer.

Growth Management Act (GMA): Washington State House Bill 2929 adopted in 1990, amended by House Bill 1025 in 1991, and codified largely within Chapter 36.70A RCW.

Household: A household includes all the persons who occupy a housing unit The occupants may be a single family, one person living alone, two or more families living together, or any other group of related or unrelated persons who share living arrangements.

Housing Type: Different varieties of dwelling units, including: single-family detached; single-family attached (i.e., duplexes, triplexes, and fourplexes); townhouses; multi-family apartments or condominiums; accessory dwelling units; and manufactured homes.

Housing Unit: A housing unit is a house, an apartment, a manufactured home, a group of homes, or a single room that is occupied (or if vacant, is intended for occupancy) as separate living quarters.

Impact Fee: Charges levied by a city or county against new development for a pro-rata share of the capital costs of facilities necessitated by the development. The Growth Management Act authorizes imposition of impact fees on new development, and sets the conditions under which they may be imposed.

Impervious Surfaces: Surfaces that cannot be easily penetrated. For instance, rain does not readily penetrate asphalt OF concrete pavement

Incentive (Bonus) Zoning: Incentive or Bonus zoning is a tool which encourages higher quality development and permits greater flexibility in the zoning process. For example if a developer is willing to provide additional open space, sidewalk widening, public plaza, or other public purpose amenities, s/he would be awarded some bonus (e.g., increased density in the form of increased floor area ratio, or more units per acre). This technique allows local government to "bargain" for development which makes better overall use of the land, creating pleasant, aesthetically pleasing, environmentally sound, and pedestrian-friendly urban environments.

Income: Money earned from employment or investment. There are several ways to measure income, among them:

a. Low Income: Households whose incomes do not exceed 80% of the median income for the area;

b. Median Household Income: Average amount of income per household in a given geographical area; and

c. Moderate Income: Households whose incomes are between 81% and 95% of the median income for the area.

Infill Development: Development consisting of either construction on one or more lots in an area which is mostly developed, or new construction between two existing structures.

Inter-Agency Committee (IAC): A committee created by the Washington State Legislature under Chapter 43.99 RCW to assist in the preservation, conservation, and enhancement of the state's recreational resources. The mission of the interagency committee for outdoor recreation and its staff is to:

a. Create and work actively for the implementation of a unified state-wide strategy for meeting the recreational needs of Washington citizens;

b. Represent and promote the interests of the state on recreational issues in concert with other state and local agencies and the governor;

c. Encourage and provide interagency and regional coordination, and interaction between public and private organizations;

d. Administer recreational grant-in-aid programs and provide technical assistance; and

e. Serve as a repository for information, studies, research, and other data relating to recreation.

Land Banks: Acquisition of land for the purpose of reserving it for specified future development types. The land bank concept can include management of existing publicly owned lands, with designated reservations or restrictions for future uses.

Land Trusts: A land trust is an organization created to own and steward land for the purpose of sustaining long term affordability and other preservation goals (e.g., historical significance, agricultural value). The land trust organization leases development rights to individuals or nonprofit organizations that agree to reasonable limitations on resale of real property, while maintaining basic owner equity and tenure rights.

Land Use Assumptions: The proposed and existing land use intensities and densities (i.e., retail, various residential densities, office, manufacturing) used in developing land use planning documents. These land uses are often represented in terms of population and employment numbers.

Land Use: A term used to indicate the use of any parcel of land. The way in which land is being used is the land use.

Level-of-Service (LOS): A qualitative rating of how well some unit of transportation supply or other-public facility or service (e.g., street, intersection, sidewalk, bikeway, transit route, water, and sewer) meets current or projected demand.

Local Improvement District (LID): A quasi-governmental organization formed by landowners to finance and construct a variety of physical infrastructure improvements beneficial to its members.

LOS: See Level of Service.

Manufactured Home: A single-family dwelling built in accordance with the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Construction and Safety Standards Act, which is a national, preemptive building code. A structure built on a permanent chassis, and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities (see Chapter 46.04.302 RCW).

Mixed Use: The presence of more than one category of use in a structure; for example, a mixture of residential units and offices in the same building.

Mobile Home: A factory-built dwelling unit constructed prior to June 15, 1976, to standards other than the HUD code, and acceptable under applicable state codes in effect at the time of construction or introduction of the home into the state. Mobile homes have not been built since introduction of the HUD Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards Act.

Mode: Types of transportation available for use, such as a bicycle, an automobile, or a bus.

Modular Home: A prefabricated building that is not considered a "mobile home" under Washington State law. Modular homes are only those that are certified as meeting the State Building Code standards (i.e., those receiving a "gold seal"). (See "modular home" at Chapter 46.04.303 RCW). Any factory-built housing bearing the proper State insignia is deemed to comply with any local construction standards (Chapter 43.22.455(1) RCW).

Multi-Modal: Referring to accessibility by a variety of travel modes, typically pedestrian, bicycle, transit, and automobile modes, but may also include water and air transport modes.

Multi-Family Dwelling: A structure or portion of a structure containing five or more dwelling units, including units that are located one over the other (see Figure X-3 on page X-9).

Natural Resource Lands: Natural resource lands are agricultural, forest, and mineral resource lands which have long-term commercial significance.

NIMBY: Not in My Back Yard. Citizen reaction to potential encroachment of new development into existing, primarily single-family neighborhoods. Resulting political pressure can cause considerable delay or even halt the construction of affordable housing or other necessary public facilities.

Nonmotorized Mode: Any mode of transport that utilizes a power source other than a motor. Primary non- motorized modes include walking (i.e., pedestrian), horseback riding (i.e., equestrian), and bicycling.

Nonpoint Source Pollution: Pollution that enters water from dispersed and uncontrolled sources (i.e., such as surface runoff) rather than through pipes.

On-site Retention: Permanent impounding of stormwater, or a substantial portion of stormwater, in manmade or man-modified lakes and ponds. On-site retention is often required for developments.

On-Street Parking: Parking spaces in the right-of-way.

Open Space: Land or water area with its surface open to the sky, or predominantly undeveloped, which is set aside to serve the purposes of providing park and recreation opportunities, conserving valuable resources, and structuring urban development and form. The term "open space" is often further divided into the following categories:

a. Common Open Space: Space that my be used by all occupants of a residential complex (note: parking areas and driveways do not qualify as open space);

b. Landscaped Open Space: An outdoor area including natural or planted vegetation in the form of hardy trees, shrubs, grass, evergreen ground cover and/or flowers;

c. Private Open Space: Usable outdoor space directly accessible to a unit, with use restricted to the occupants of that unit; and

d. Usable Open Space: Usable open space is an outdoor area which is of appropriate size, shape and siting to provide for recreational activity. Usable open space may be occupied by sculpture, fountains or pools, benches or other outdoor furnishings, or by recreational facilities such as playground equipment, swimming pools, and game courts.

Operating Costs: An estimate of the funds needed to continue operation of capital facilities on a yearly basis.

Overlay Zone: A zoning district that encompasses one or more underlying zones and that imposes additional requirements above that required by the underlying zone. In Port Townsend, examples include, the National Register Historic District and the Gateway Corridor. (Comment: Overlay zones deal with special situations in a municipality that are not appropriate to a specific zoning district or apply to several districts. For example, in all business zones, an overlay provision might require impact fees to provide for traffic improvements or an historic district overlay may cover parts of several zones). [Ord. No. 2945, § 1.14, (April 16, 2007)].

Park-and-Ride Lot: A parking lot where transit riders can leave their cars and ride a bus or train to another location.

Pedestrian Orientation: An area where the location and access to buildings, types of uses permitted on the street level, and storefront design are based on the needs of the customers on foot.

Permeability: The rate at which water moves through undisturbed soil. It depends largely on the texture, structure, porosity, and density of the soil. Ratings range from very slow (less than .06 inches per hour) to very rapid (more than 20 inches per hour).

Plat: A map of the design of a land subdivision.

Policy: An agreed course of action adopted and pursued by decision-makers to achieve one or several goals and objectives and which is used as a guide for formulating programs.

Port Townsend Municipal Code (PTMC): All the regulatory and penal ordinances and certain of the administrative ordinances adopted by the City of Port Townsend, Washington, and codified pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 35.21.500 through 35.21.570 of the Revised Code of Washington (RCW).

Prime Agricultural Land: Soils with little or ho limitations or hazards for crop production.

Procedural Guidelines (Procedural Criteria): Chapter 365-195 WAC. The Washington State Legislature charged the department of Community Development with the task of adopting, by administrative rule, procedural criteria to assist counties and cities in adopting comprehensive plans and development regulations that meet the goals and requirements of the GMA. Along with listing requirements set forth in GMA, this documents sets forth recommendations for meeting the requirements. It has been left up to each local jurisdiction to determine whether the recommendations are applicable.

Proportionate Share: Adjusted to something else according to a certain rate of comparative relation. The act of adjusting, dividing or prorating the cost of providing public infrastructure between the general taxpaying public and the builder or developer of a new structure or development.

Public Access: A means of physical approach to and along the shoreline available to the general public. Public access may also include visual approach (see The Port Townsend Shoreline Master Program).

Public Facility: Any use of land, whether publicly or privately owned, for transportation, utilities, or communication, or for the benefit of the general public, including streets, schools, libraries, fire and police stations, municipal and county buildings, powerhouses, recreational centers, parks and cemeteries.

Queue: A line, as of people or vehicles, waiting a turn, such as ferry queuing.

Recreation, Active: Leisure-time activities, usually of a formal nature and often-performed with others, requiring formal equipment and taking place at prescribed places, sites, or fields. (Comment: The term active recreation is more a word of art than one with a precise definition. It obviously includes swimming, tennis and other court games, baseball and other field sports, track, and playground activities. There is a legitimate difference of opinion as to whether park use per se may be considered active recreation, although obviously some parks contain activity areas that would qualify).

Recreation, Passive: Activities that involve relatively inactive or less energetic activities, such as walking, sitting, picnicking, card games, chess, checkers, and similar table games. (Comment: The reason for the differentiation between active and passive recreation is their potential impacts on surrounding land uses. Passive recreation can also mean space for nature walks and observation).

Regional Tax Base Sharing: Regional tax base sharing is a technique for redistributing local government revenues among jurisdictions in a specific area. It generally involves placing a portion of the growth related tax revenues collected by each jurisdiction into a pool, and then redistributing the pooled revenues among the jurisdictions according to a formula that addresses fiscal imbalances or inequities among jurisdictions.

Regional Transportation Plan: The Transportation Plan for the regionally designated transportation system which is produced by the Regional Transportation Planning Organization.

Regional Transportation Planning Organization (RTPO): A voluntary organization established under Chapter 47.80.020 RCW, consisting of local governments within a region and containing, one or more counties which have common transportation interests.

Residential Use: Any land use that provides for living space. Examples include artist studio/dwellings, boarding houses, caretaker's quarters, single and multi-family homes, special residences, floating homes, and mobile homes.

Rezone: Reclassification of a currently zoned area for a different use.

Rezoning: Rezoning is a legislative act and can be legal only if enacted by the governing body. Rezoning can take two forms:

a. A comprehensive revision or modification of the zoning text and map; and

b. A change in the map, such as the zoning designation of a particular parcel or parcels.

Right-of-Way: Land in which the state, county, or city owns the fee simple title or has an easement dedicated or required for a transportation or utility use. The right-of-way is the right to pass over the property of another. It refers to a strip of land legally established for the use of pedestrians, vehicles or utilities.

Runoff: That portion of precipitation which flows over the land surface and enters the storm drainage system during and immediately following a storm event. The rapidity of runoff and the amount of water removed are affected by slope, texture (that is the structure and porosity of the soil surface), vegetation, and prevailing climate.

Sanitary Sewers or Wastewater Collection & Treatment Systems: Those sewers which carry waterborne wastes from household industrial and commercial users from the point of origin to the treatment plants for treatment and disposal.

SEPA: See State Environmental Policy Act.

Single Family Unit: Any one-family dwelling having a permanent foundation. The term includes single-family detached and attached structures which can be defined as follows;

a. Single Family Detached Unit:A building containing one dwelling unit and that is not attached to any other dwelling by any means and is surrounded by yards or open space; and

b. Single Family Attached Unit:A one-family dwelling attached to up to three other one-family dwellings by a common vertical wall (see also duplex, triplex and fourplex).

Special Needs Housing: Housing that is provided for low income or indigent persons and where applicable their dependents who, by virtue of disability or other personal factors, face serious Impediments to independent living and who require special assistance and services in order to sustain appropriate housing on a permanent, long-term or transitional basis.

Spot Zoning: Rezoning of a lot or parcel of land to benefit an owner for use incompatible with surrounding land uses and that does not further the goals, policies and land use map of the comprehensive plan. Spot zoning is considered to be impermissible when:

a. A small parcel of land is singled out for special and privileged treatment;

b. The singling out is not in the public interest but only for the benefit of the land owner; and

c. The action is not in accord with the comprehensive plan.

Standpipe: A large vertical pipe or cylindrical tank for storing water.

State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA): The state law passed in 1971 requiring state and local agencies to consider environmental impacts in the decision-making process (codified at Chapter 43.21C RCW). A Determination of Environmental Significance (DS) must be made for all nonexempt projects or actions which require a permit, license or decision from a government agency. If the action does not have significant adverse environmental impacts, a Declaration of Nonsignificance (DNS) is issued. If the action or project could have major impacts, an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is required. SEPA requires consideration of alternatives and mitigation of environmental impacts for major public and private projects and programs.

Streetscape: The visual character of a street as determined by elements such as structures, access, greenery, open space, and view.

Strip Zoning: A zone normally consisting of a ribbon of uses fronting both sides of an arterial roadway and extending inward for half a block.

Taking: The appropriation by government of private land for which fair and just compensation must be paid. Under the U.S. and State Constitutions, property cannot be condemned through eminent domain for public use or purpose without just and fair compensation.

Tax Increment Financing: Tax increment financing is a method of paying for public improvements needed to support private development or redevelopment projects. It is implemented by establishing a tax increment district, which is a geographic area within which growth in property tax revenue that results from new development is used to finance public improvements.

Through Traffic: Traffic traveling through a specific area to a destination beyond.

Transportation Improvement Program (TIP): A jurisdiction's six-year road improvement program.

Townhouse: A one-family dwelling in a row of at least three such units in which each unit has its own front and rear access to the outside, no unit is located over another unit, and each unit is separated from any other unit by one or more vertical common fire-resistant walls (see also duplex, triplex and fourplex; and single family attached unit). (See Figure X-4 on page X-9).

Transfer of Development Rights (TDR): A program in which the unused portion of a "sending" property's zoned capacity - one of the separable rights of property - is sold to the developer of a "receiving" site, who is allowed to add the capacity to the zoned limit of that site. TDK's can be used to prevent the demolition of affordable housing units, especially in downtowns, or to protect historically significant property or open space.

Transit: A multiple-occupant vehicle operated on a for-hire, shared-ride basis, including bus, ferry, rail, shuttle bus, or vanpool. Public transportation as used in this document means public bus, trolley, light rail, heavy rail, and commuter rail transport, but not ferries or van pools.

Transportation Analysis Zones (TAZ): A TAZ is the basic building block of the analysis for transportation modeling of vehicular trips. A zone is delineated by having similar uses that result in similar trip generation levels.

Transportation Demand Management (TDM): Refers to policies, and public and private programs that manage the demand placed on transportation supply. TDM measures are frequently directed toward increasing the use of transit and car pools.

Trip: A one-direction movement which begins at the origin and ends at the destination. For example, a trip movement from a residence to a work place is a trip from home to work.

Trip Generation: The second step in forecasting the number of trips generated by the forecasted land use. The number of trips made to and from each type of land use by day. Trip generation provides the linkage between land use an travel. Trips generated at the home end are generally termed "production." Trips generated by business are generally termed "attractions."

Triplex: A building containing three dwelling units, each of which has direct access to the outside or to a common hall.

Trunk Lines: Underground gravity pipeline which is part of the public sewer system.

Upzoning: A change in the zoning classification of land to classification allowing more intensive development, such as a change from single family to multi-family.

Urban Growth Areas (UGAs): Areas where urban growth will be encouraged. Counties and cities cooperatively establish the urban growth areas, and cities must be located inside urban growth areas. Once the UGAs are established, cities cannot annex land outside the urban growth area. Growth outside of urban growth areas must be rural in nature.

Vehicle, Off Road (ORV): Vehicles that are designed for use on a variety of unimproved surfaces, including dune buggies and all-terrain vehicles, trail bikes, mopeds, and motor bikes. [Note:As recreational vehicles, the ORV can be detrimental to the landscape and trails. Many ORVs are noisy and pose dangers to wildlife].

Watershed: The geographic region within which water drains into a particular river, stream, or body of water. A watershed includes hills, lowlands, and the body of water into which the land drains.

Zoning Map: The official Land Use Map which classifies all land within the city with one of the land uses.