15.430 Off-Street Parking and Loading Regulations.

(1) Definition of Parking Space. For the purpose of this section, each required standard off-street parking space shall be a minimum of nine feet in width and 18 feet in length, exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps or internal moving lanes, except that compact parking stalls shall be marked and reserved as such, and shall be a minimum of eight feet in width and 15 feet in length. Not more than 25 percent of the total parking requirement for a particular use may be designated for compact parking. Such parking space shall not occupy any part of any required front yard or street side yard. All parking spaces and access driveways shall be paved or otherwise surfaced with an improved surface and subject to other requirements of this section. Such parking spaces shall be reserved for the sole use of the occupants of the building or lot and the visitors thereto. However, churches, theaters, museums, stadiums, auditoriums, other places of assembly, retail stores, business and professional office complexes may make arrangements for joint use of parking spaces as hereinafter specified.

(2) General Provisions. For the purposes of this section, the following general provisions shall apply:

(a) This section outlines minimum off-street parking requirements for land uses in the City. Minimum off-street parking requirements, by land use category, are found in subsection (4) of this section. The following calculation shall be used to determine the minimum off-street parking requirement for a particular building, structure or premises in the City:

The number of off-street parking spaces required that are based on the formulas provided for various land uses under subsection (4) of this section; plus

One additional off-street parking space for each vehicle owned by a facility occupying a particular building, structure or premises and used in connection therein; plus or minus

Adjustments for providing parking for bicycles under subsection (14) of this section and motorcycles under subsection (15) of this section.

These regulations shall govern off-street parking in the City, unless modified by the City’s Plan Commission as detailed under subsection (5) of this section. Usage of the term staff member in this section shall mean all employees at a particular building, structure or premises, including doctors and the like.

Parking spaces intended to be used for temporary snow storage or outdoor garden center displays, sales and the like shall not be included in the minimum off-street parking space totals for a particular building, structure or premises.

(b) There shall be provided, at the time any building or structure is hereafter built, enlarged, or converted or the use of the building or premises is altered through the addition of dwelling units, guest rooms, seating capacity, or gross floor area, or expansion of use, or change of use, off-street parking spaces as set forth in this section. Such space shall be maintained and shall not be encroached upon so long as said principal building or structure remains, unless an equivalent number of such spaces are provided elsewhere in conformance with this section. Also, if an existing building or structure is occupied by a new use which would require greater parking and/or loading space than is provided with the building, the Director of Building Inspection may waive the additional parking requirements provided the Director finds that the existing development renders compliance with the requirements impractical;

(c) The parking spaces required for dwelling units shall be located on the same parcel as the dwelling units and the parking spaces required for other uses shall be located on the same parcel as the use or within 400 feet of the permitted use, such distance to be measured along lines of public access to the property. If not located on the same parcel, then a cross easement or shared use agreement pursuant to subsection (8) of this section suitable to the City Planner or Deputy City Planner shall be executed and recorded at the sole expense of the parties to said agreement, in the Manitowoc County Register of Deeds, against the title of all properties affected by said agreement, and shall run with the title to these properties.

(3) Units of Measurement. For the purpose of this section, the following units of measurement shall apply:

(a) Gross floor area in the case of offices, merchandising or service types of uses shall mean the sum of the floor areas within a building, including basements, mezzanines and intermediate floored tiers, used or intended to be used for service to the public as customers, patrons, clients, or patients, including areas occupied by fixtures and equipment used for display or sale of merchandise. It shall not include areas used principally for nonpublic purposes such as basements, boiler/mechanical rooms, interior vehicular parking or loading areas, storage rooms, stairways, incidental repair, processing or packaging of merchandise, show windows, offices incidental to the management or maintenance of stores or buildings, toilets or rest rooms, utility rooms, or dressing, fitting or alteration rooms;

(b) In hospitals, intensive care unit (ICU) beds and bassinets shall not be counted as beds;

(c) In stadiums, sports arenas, churches or other places of assembly in which patrons or spectators occupy benches, pews, or similar seating facilities, each 18 inches of such seating facilities shall be counted as one seat for the purpose of determining requirements for off-street parking facilities under this section; and

(d) When units of measurement for determining required parking spaces result in a requirement of a fractional space, any fraction shall require one parking space.

(4) Minimum Off-Street Parking Space Requirements. The minimum number of off-street parking spaces accessory to designated uses in other districts shall be provided as follows: In the Central Business District, accessory off-street parking spaces shall not be required, except for buildings containing dwelling units or lodging rooms. For planned unit developments (PUD) under MMC 15.750, off-street parking facilities shall be provided as prescribed in the recorded PUD agreement under MMC 15.750(17) and shall control over this chapter.

(a) Living Quarters.

1. One-Family Dwelling (Including Condominium Units). A minimum of two parking spaces for each dwelling which are directly accessible from a driveway. The required spaces may be a paved driveway in the required front or street side yard; provided, that said driveway runs parallel to the side lot line or towards the home’s garage. Parking directly between the home and street shall not be allowed except in the case of a semi-circular driveway.

2. Two-Family Dwelling (Including Condominium Units). A minimum of two parking spaces for each dwelling unit which are directly accessible from a driveway. The required spaces may be a paved driveway in the required front or street side yard; provided, that said driveway runs parallel to the side lot line or towards the home’s garage. Parking directly between the home and street shall not be allowed except in the case of a semi-circular driveway.

3. Multiple-Family Dwelling (Including Condominium Units). A minimum of two parking spaces for each dwelling unit with two or less bedrooms and one-half additional parking space for each bedroom greater than two per dwelling unit, plus one space for each four units or fraction thereof for visitor parking.

4. Elderly, Disabled or Handicapped Multiple-Family Dwellings. One parking space for each two units.

5. Hotels, Motels, and Extended Stay Lodging Facilities. A minimum of one parking space for each guest room or suite, plus one space per 20 rooms for staff, plus one space per each five seats in banquet rooms and supplemental uses such as meeting rooms, ballrooms, bars, or nightclub facilities.

6. Bed and Breakfast Establishments. A minimum of one parking space for each guest room, plus two spaces per dwelling unit.

7. Hospitals. A minimum of one parking space for each two beds, plus one space for each two doctors, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours.

8. Nursing Homes, Sanitariums, Convalescent Homes or Homes for the Aged, Assisted Living Facilities, Adult Day Care, Respite Care, Hospice Care, and Similar Establishments. A minimum of one parking space for each four beds, plus one space for each two staff members working the same hours.

9. Community Based Residential Facilities, Adult Family Homes, and Residential Care Apartment Complexes. A minimum of one space for each four beds, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours.

(b) Public Assembly.

1. Auditoriums, Theaters, and Other Places of Public Assembly. A minimum of one space for each five seats based upon maximum seating capacity.

2. Stadiums, Ball Parks, and Sports Facilities. A minimum of one space for each four seats or seating spaces, or one space for each 200 square feet of gross floor area.

3. Auditoriums or Assembly Halls Incidental to Public and Parochial Schools, Vocational Schools, Private Colleges, and Universities. A minimum of one space for each five seats provided in the main assembly room.

4. Bowling Alley. A minimum of five spaces for each alley, plus one space for each four customer seats if connected with the sale and on-site consumption of alcohol.

5. Churches and Other Places of Worship. A minimum of one space for each six seats, based upon maximum seating capacity in the main place of assembly.

6. Dance Hall, Skating Rink, Private Club or Lodge, Outdoor Recreation Facilities, Amusement Establishments, Exhibition Halls, and Other Places of Assembly Without Fixed Seating. A minimum of one parking space for each 100 square feet of gross floor area. If fixed seating, then one space for each six seats, based upon maximum seating capacity.

7. Community Centers, Libraries, Museums, Art Galleries, and Similar Establishments. A minimum of one parking space for each 500 square feet of gross floor area, plus one space for each two staff members working the same hours.

8. Mortuaries and Funeral Homes. A minimum of one parking space for each five seats in the main assembly room or individual service rooms.

9. Group Child Care Centers and Nursery Schools. A minimum of one parking space for each seven children authorized, and one parking space for each staff member working the same hours. Such parking requirements for children authorized may be reduced to one parking space for each 10 children if a customer pick-up and drop-off zone is provided on a directional driveway within the site outside of the setback area requirements and not to interfere with the other parking requirements.

10. Family Child Care Centers and Group Foster Homes for Not More Than Eight Individuals Located in “R” Zoning Districts. A minimum of two parking spaces for each dwelling unit, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours.

11. Family Child Care Centers and Group Foster Homes in a Non-“R” Zoning District. A minimum of two parking spaces for each dwelling unit, plus one parking space for each staff member working the same hours.

12. Group Homes and Shelter Facilities. A minimum of one parking space for each two adult occupants authorized, plus one parking space for each staff member working the same hours.

13. Elementary and Junior High Schools. A minimum of one parking space for each staff member working the same hours, plus, if an auditorium, assembly hall or gymnasium is present, a minimum of one parking space for each five seats based upon maximum seating capacity.

14. High Schools, Vocational/Technical Schools, Colleges, and Universities. A minimum of one parking space for each six students enrolled, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours or per subsection (4)(b)(3) of this section, whichever is greater, plus, if an auditorium, assembly hall or gymnasium is present, a minimum of one parking space for each five seats based upon maximum seating capacity.

15. Swimming Pools. One parking space for each 100 square feet of water surface area, except for a pool serving one single-family residence on the same lot.

(c) Business – Professional – Industrial Establishments.

1. Business and Professional Offices, and Financial Institutions. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one additional parking space for each 300 square feet of gross floor area over 1,500 square feet, plus one additional parking space for each two staff members working the same hours.

2. Medical and Dental Clinics Including Chiropractic, Dermatology, Orthopedic, Eye, Ear,

Nose, and Throat Facilities, and Similar On-Site Laboratory Facilities. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one additional parking space for each 200 square feet of gross floor area over 1,500 square feet, plus one parking space for each staff member working the same hours.

3. Industrial, Manufacturing, Research or Testing Laboratory, Creamery, Bottling Plant, and Similar Establishments. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one additional parking space for each two staff members working the same hours based on the estimated daily maximum, plus such additional parking spaces as shall be required for customers or users, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of the enterprise.

4. Industrial and Wholesale Warehouses. Storage Facilities, and Mini-Warehouses. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one additional parking space for each staff member over four on the maximum shift, plus space to accommodate additional customers and all trucks and vehicles used in connection therein.

5. Small Animal Hospitals and Clinics, and Kennels. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one parking space for each staff member working the same hours.

6. Recycling Facilities. Minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours.

(d) Retail and Wholesale Establishments.

1. Restaurants. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each three customer seats, or one space for each 100 square feet of gross floor area, whichever requires the greater number of parking spaces. In addition, if there are exterior or outside areas available for customer services, there shall also be one additional space for each 300 square feet of exterior or outside developed area, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours. If there are drive-up customer service windows, there shall be queued parking spaces for at least four vehicles between the order/menu board and pick-up window, and also queued parking spaces in advance of the menu/order board which will not interfere with parking for dining room customers or adjacent traffic.

2. Establishments Providing Food, Alcoholic Beverages and Refreshments for Consumption on Premises, Other Than Restaurants. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each three customer seats or one space for each 100 square feet of gross floor area, whichever requires the greater number of parking spaces. In addition, if there are exterior or outside areas available for customer services, there shall also be one additional space for each 200 square feet of exterior or outside developed area, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours.

3. Retail Stores, Shopping Centers, Supermarkets, Convenience Stores, and Personal Service Establishments. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each 200 square feet of gross floor area up to a maximum of 125 percent of the minimum total off-street parking requirement.

4. Vehicle Fueling, Service Stations, and Car Washes. A minimum of one parking space per staff member working the same hours, plus two spaces per each service stall or bay, plus three stacked spaces per each fueling position or car washing stall.

5. Automobile, Truck, Motorcycle, and Machinery Sales and Service. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each 500 square feet of gross floor area over 2,000 square feet, plus one space for each staff member working the same hours. Display parking cannot be used to satisfy the parking requirements.

6. Appliance and Furniture Stores. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each 500 square feet of gross floor area over 2,000 square feet, plus one space for each two staff members working the same hours.

7. Wholesale Establishments (Other Than Warehouses). A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each three staff members in excess of six staff members working the same hours, plus space to accommodate additional customers and all trucks and vehicles used in connection therein.

8. Printing and Contractor Shops. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each three staff members in excess of six staff members working the same hours, plus space to accommodate additional customers and all trucks and vehicles used in connection therein.

9. General Business and Commercial (for “B” and “C” Zoning District Uses Not Listed in This Chapter). A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each 200 square feet of gross floor area over 800 square feet, plus one space for each two staff members working the same hours, plus such additional parking space as shall be required for customers or users, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of the enterprise.

10. Government Buildings. A minimum of five parking spaces, plus one space for each 100 square feet of gross floor area, plus one space for each two staff members working the same hours, plus one space for each official vehicle stored on the site.

(5) Reduction of Parking Space.

(a) Notwithstanding the amount of off-street parking required under this section and in response to increased flexibility with minimum parking requirements to reflect typical daily demand and allow innovative parking provisions, the City Plan Commission may approve less off-street parking than required under this section when:

1. The proponent of a use demonstrates that, because of special circumstances including bicycle and motorcycle parking arrangements under subsections (14) and (15) of this section involved with a particular use, it is evident that the off-street parking required by this section exceeds any reasonable likely need; or

2. The use of a building is changed in such a manner that the new use would require fewer spaces.

(b) The applicant shall bear the burden of proof to demonstrate to the City Plan Commission that each of the following conditions are satisfied:

1. The applicant shall demonstrate, using existing and projected (five years) employment, customer, or other relevant data, that the reduction in off-street parking spaces to be initially developed as required by this section is warranted.

A. The applicant shall submit plans of the parking lot which designate a layout for the total number of parking spaces needed to comply with the parking requirements contained herein;

B. The plans shall clearly designate which of these parking spaces are proposed to be conditionally reserved for potential future use;

C. The portion of the required parking spaces conditionally reserved for future use shall not be within areas for required buffer yards, setbacks, or areas which would otherwise be unsuitable for parking due to the physical characteristics of the land or other requirements of this chapter; and

D. Areas conditionally reserved for potential future use shall be attractively landscaped, remain in open space, and shall not be used for any structure or building, or for material storage.

The City Plan Commission reserves the right to require property owners, developers, owners/operators, lessees and licensees of a specific building, structure or premises to maintain in open space the area where off-street parking has been reduced by the Commission, or is no longer required as a result of the Commission’s action under this section. The City Plan Commission further reserves the right to require property owners, developers, owners/operators, lessees and licensees of a specific building, structure or premises to enter into written agreements with the City Planner or Deputy City Planner to formalize the implementation of a reduction of parking spaces from the level specified in this section, or joint use or shared parking arrangements under subsection (8) of this section, to maintain each conditionally reserved area as attractive, landscaped open space, and to convert some or all of the conditionally reserved area to additional off-street parking if at any time the Director of Building Inspection finds that additional parking spaces are needed.

(6) Unspecified Uses. In the case of a use not specifically listed in the land use charts contained in this chapter, requirements for off-street parking shall be determined by the Director of Building Inspection. The determination by the Director shall be based upon the specific needs of the development as determined by the Director including, but not limited to, the type of activity, intensity, number of employees and the most comparable land use listed. The applicant shall have the burden of proof for a reduction in the total number of required parking spaces, and shall provide any required documentation as requested by the Director.

(7) Collective Provision. In “B,” “C” and “I” Zoning Districts, nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the collective provision of off-street parking facilities for two or more buildings or uses; provided, that the total of such off-street parking spaces supplied collectively shall not be less than the sum of the requirements for each such use as specified herein. A maximum distance of 400 feet between parking facilities and buildings or uses served shall apply to each establishment participating in the collective provision for parking. In those cases where parking is provided off site or where used jointly, a written agreement to guarantee access to the parking for all parties to the agreement shall be properly drawn and executed by the parties concerned, approved as to form by the City Planner or Deputy City Planner, and shall be filed with the application for a site plan under MMC 15.370(2) or building permit.

(8) Joint Use Provision. Joint use of required parking spaces is encouraged where two or more uses on the same or separate sites are able to share the same parking spaces because their parking demands occur at different times.

(a) Joint Use Parking Requirements. Joint use of required nonresidential parking spaces is allowed if the following documentation is submitted in writing to the City Planner or Deputy City Planner as part of a site plan under MMC 15.370(2) or building permit:

1. The names and addresses of the owners or occupants and respective uses that are sharing the parking;

2. The location and number of parking spaces that are being shared;

3. An analysis showing that the peak parking times of the uses occur at different times, and that the parking area will be large enough for the anticipated demands of all uses; and

4. A legal instrument such as an easement or written agreement that guarantees access to the parking for all uses, and that the parking spaces shall be maintained so long as the uses requiring parking are in existence unless the required parking is provided elsewhere in accordance with this section.

(b) For the purposes of this section the following provisions governing joint use shall apply:

1. Parking spaces already provided to meet off-street parking requirements for theaters, stadiums, auditoriums, or other places of public assembly, stores, office buildings, and industrial establishments, lying within 400 feet of a church as measured along lines of public access that are made available for other parking, may be used to meet not more than 75 percent of the off-street parking requirements of the church; and

2. Parking spaces already provided to meet off-street parking requirements for stores, office buildings, and industrial establishments, lying within 400 feet of a place of public assembly as measured along lines of public access, may be used to meet not more than 50 percent of the total requirements of such place of assembly.

(9) Mixed Occupancies. In the case of mixed uses, the total requirements for off-street parking facilities shall be the sum of the requirements for the various uses computed separately. Off-street parking facilities for one use shall not be considered as providing required parking facilities for any other use, except as hereinabove specified for collective provision.

(10) Off-Street Loading Requirements. There shall be provided on the same lot with every building, structure or part thereof erected or altered, where large amounts of goods are received or shipped, hereafter to be used for other than exclusive dwelling purposes, adequate space for standing, loading and unloading motor vehicles in order to avoid undue interference with the public use of streets or alleys. Such space, unless otherwise adequately and specifically provided for, shall be at least 10 feet wide by at least 25 feet in length with 15 feet height clearance. The minimum number of loading spaces shall be increased in accordance with the estimated volume and frequency of the loading and unloading requirements of the proposed use of the building. No portion of the vehicle shall project into a street or alley. Such space shall be designed for direct access to a street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movement on the street. Truck access shall be so designed as to allow each truck to enter and leave in a forward motion. All open off-street loading spaces shall be provided with the same surface improvements as required for parking areas in subsection (12)(c) of this section. Space required and allocated for off-street loading shall not be allocated or used to satisfy the space requirements for off-street parking.

(11) Off-Street Parking in “R” Zoning Districts.

(a) Parking Lots in “R” Zoning Districts. The Director of Building Inspection, upon approval of the City Plan Commission, is authorized to grant a special permit to allow a parking lot in a Residential District for the purpose of meeting the requirements of this section, subject to the following requirements. All owners of property abutting on and fronting on the proposed parking lot shall be notified in writing of the meeting at which the City Plan Commission will consider granting such a special permit:

1. The parking lot shall be accessory to and for use in connection with one or more business or industrial establishments located in an adjoining “B,” “C,” or “I” Zoning District in connection with one or more nonconforming institutional buildings on adjoining premises;

2. Such parking lot shall not extend more than 150 feet into an “R” Zoning District and shall abut at least 50 feet, either directly or across an alley, on a “B,” “C” or “I” Zoning District, or the premises of a nonconforming institutional building to which the parking lot is accessory;

3. Such parking lot shall be used solely for the parking of passenger vehicles;

4. No commercial repair work or service of any kind shall be conducted on such parking lot;

5. No sign of any kind, other than those designating parking lot identity entrances, exits, and conditions of use, shall be maintained on such parking lot;

6. No charge shall be made for parking in such parking lot;

7. Such parking lots may be open from 5:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m., and shall be closed at all other times; provided, however, that when supervised by one or more attendants, such parking lot may be open and used at all times as a parking accessory to a principal use permitted in any “R” Zoning District in which it is located, under agreement with the owners or tenants of such use or uses but only on a weekly or monthly rental basis;

8. Each entrance and exit to and from such parking lot shall be at least 20 feet distant from any adjacent property line located in any “R” Zoning District;

9. The location and design of entrances, exits, surfacing, marking, and lighting shall be subject to the approval of the City Plan Commission; and

10. The City Plan Commission may modify the foregoing requirements in specific cases where desirable or warranted, owing to unusual topography or other physical conditions and the use and character of adjacent properties, with due regard to the protection of such properties, the Residential District in which such parking lot is located, and the public interest.

(b) Off-Street Parking in “R” Zoning Districts.

1. Definitions. As used in this subsection, the term “recreational vehicle” shall include but is not limited to any motor home, recreational vehicle or travel trailer, boat, snow mobile, jet ski, camper or similar object.

2. Front and Side Yard Parking Prohibited. No vehicle may be parked on any residential front or side yard except if said vehicle is parked on a driveway or other approved improved surface. Recreational vehicles may be parked in a front or side yard between April 1st and October 1st subject to the following regulations:

A. The recreational vehicle shall be owned by a resident of the property on which the vehicle is parked.

B. The recreational vehicle does not exceed 30 feet in length.

C. The recreational vehicle shall be fully parked on a driveway or other approved improved surface. Such vehicle shall not obstruct a public right-of-way.

D. The recreational vehicle shall be maintained in good, working condition, and, if required by the State of Wisconsin, shall be licensed.

E. The recreational vehicles shall not be occupied, used for human habitation or the storage of goods.

F. The recreational vehicle shall not be covered by a tarp or other material unless such material is manufactured specifically for covering or protecting recreational vehicles.

G. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a recreational vehicle may be temporarily parked anywhere on the premises for loading or unloading.

3. Rear Yard Parking. Not more than three recreational vehicles, each under 30 feet in length (not including trailer tongue), may be stored on any type of surface in the rear yard. However, said recreational vehicles shall:

A. Not be placed within five feet of a lot line;

B. Not be placed directly in front of the living portion of any dwelling;

C. Not be used to maintain living quarters or a business practice within said recreational vehicle while such recreational vehicle is so parked or stored;

D. Not be occupied, used for human habitation or the storage of goods;

E. Shall be maintained in good working condition, and, if required by the State of Wisconsin, shall be licensed.

(12) Parking Areas Development and Maintenance. Every parcel of land hereafter used as a public or private parking area shall be developed and maintained by the owner in accordance with the following requirements:

(a) Off-street parking areas for five or more vehicles shall be effectively sight screened on each side which adjoins or faces premises situated in any “R” Zoning District, by a fence of acceptable design, wall or compact hedge. Such fence, wall, or hedge shall not be less than four feet nor more than six feet in height and shall be maintained in good condition;

(b) No part of any parking area for five or more vehicles shall be closer than 10 feet to any dwelling, school, hospital, or other institution for human care unless screened by an unpierced masonry wall or solid fence. If on the same lot with a main building, the parking area shall not be located within the front yard or street side yard required for such building. The fence, wall, or hedge required by the preceding subsection shall be set back from each street, the same as if it were a building wall, so as to observe the front yard and street side yard requirements of this chapter;

(c) Any off-street parking and/or maneuvering area or space provided for a commercial, industrial, or residential development, other than one- or two-family dwellings, shall be striped and surfaced within 12 months after occupancy with asphaltic, bituminous, or concrete so as to provide a durable and dustless surface and shall be so graded and drained as to dispose of all surface water accumulation within the area. Any heavy equipment vehicular storage areas, such as those associated with truck terminals and contractors’ garages, which are not open to the general public need not be paved with asphaltic, bituminous or concrete surfacing although said areas must be maintained in a durable and dustless condition as provided above. Any private driveways exiting directly to a public street which provide access to such storage areas shall be surfaced with asphaltic, bituminous, or concrete, and shall provide a mud tracking pad to the City Engineer’s specifications. Parking spaces and access drives shall be arranged so as to require ingress and egress from the parking lot to a street only by forward motion of a vehicle;

(d) Any lighting used to illuminate any off-street parking area shall be so arranged as to reflect the light away from adjoining premises located in any “R” Zoning District;

(e) Any parking area for five or more vehicles which is required to be hard surfaced with asphaltic, bituminous or concrete shall comply with landscaping and off-street parking requirements under MMC 15.690. The location and planting specifications of all landscape treatments on the site shall be reviewed and approved by the City Planning Department prior to installation of the improvements. Requirements under MMC 15.690 are exclusive of other site planting requirements as may be required by the City Planning Department under MMC 15.370(2);

(f) Maintenance. All parking areas shall be maintained in a safe and sanitary condition and shall be kept in good repair. Owners and their agencies shall be responsible for providing, protecting and maintaining all landscaping as required by site plan approval in a healthy and growing condition, replacing it when necessary, and keeping it free of refuse and debris; and

(g) Stormwater and Snow. All parking areas shall be designed to comply with the City of Manitowoc stormwater management requirements under Chapter 28 MMC, and construction site erosion control requirements under Chapter 29 MMC. Snow removal shall be provided in such a manner as not to deposit snow onto the adjoining neighbors’ property or allow the runoff of water, stormwater or melting snow to be deposited onto a neighbor’s property, or across any public right-of-way.

(13) Continuing Character of Obligation. The requirements for off-street parking space and off-street loading space shall be a continuing obligation of the owner of the real estate on which any such structure is located as long as the structure is in existence and its use requiring vehicle parking or vehicle loading facilities continues. It shall be unlawful for an owner of any building, structure or premises affected by this section to discontinue, change or dispense with, or to cause the discontinuance or change of, the required vehicle parking or loading space apart from the alternative vehicle parking or loading space which meets with the requirements of and is in compliance with this section. It shall be unlawful for any firm or corporation to use such building, structure or premises without acquiring such land or other suitable land for vehicle parking or loading space which meets with the requirements of and is in compliance with this chapter.

(14) Parking for Bicycles. Any parking lot or structure for nonresidential sites having an off-street parking requirement of 20 spaces or more may provide adequate and safe on-site bicycle facilities. The number of off-street bicycle parking spaces provided shall not exceed 25 percent of the automobile parking space requirements.

Only bicycle spaces with stationary storage racks or devices designed to secure the frame and wheel of a bicycle, and located within 50 feet of a building entrance, shall count towards this requirement. Subject to the approval by the City Planning Department of the proposed parking area design and location, required automobile parking spaces may be reduced at the rate of one automobile parking space for each five bicycle parking spaces provided, except that under no circumstances may the required number of automobile parking spaces be reduced by more than 10 percent.

Bicycle facilities shall be equipped with either a lockable enclosure (bicycle locker) or a permanent, secure and stationary structure (bicycle rack) that supports the bicycle frame and wheel.

Each bicycle space shall be at least six feet long, two feet wide. If more than one bicycle rack is used, an access aisle five feet wide at a minimum is required beside or between each row of bicycle racks. Bicycle facilities shall be hard surfaced with concrete or blacktop, and maintained in a safe and neat condition.

Bicycle parking facilities shall be clearly designated, located so as to not interfere with normal pedestrian flow, and safely separated from vehicle maneuvering areas. Bicycle parking facilities in parking structures shall be located on the ground level.

(15) Parking for Motorcycles. Any parking lot or structure for nonresidential sites having an off-street parking requirement of 20 spaces or more may provide adequate and safe on-site parking for motorcycles. Subject to the approval by the City Planning Department of the proposed parking area design and location, required automobile parking spaces may be reduced at the rate of one automobile parking space for each one motorcycle parking spaces provided, except that under no circumstances may the required number of automobile parking spaces be reduced by more than 10 percent of the total number of off-street parking spaces required.

Each off-street parking space designated as motorcycle parking shall be at least four feet long by eight feet wide. Motorcycle parking spaces shall be clearly designated, located so as to not interfere with normal pedestrian flow, and safely separated from automobile maneuvering areas.

[Ord. 20-531 § 3, 2020; Ord. 20-152 § 9, 2020; Ord. 12-529 § 42, 2012; Ord. 11-430 § 15, 2011; Ord. 06-487 § 7, 2006. Prior code § 15.43]