Chapter 17.64
OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING*
Sections:
17.64.010 Purpose.
17.64.020 Applicability.
17.64.030 Off-street loading.
17.64.040 Off-street parking requirements.
* Prior legislation: Ords. 1512, 1684 and 1912.
17.64.010 Purpose.
It is the purpose of this chapter, through the management of off-street parking, loading and bicycle spaces, to manage auto dependence and encourage the use of alternative transportation modes in accordance with the policies and strategies of the city’s transportation system plan.
The following regulations are established, in accordance with the transportation system plan, to provide for the number of off-street parking, loading and bicycle spaces for new uses and enlargement of existing uses in connection with the use of land permitted by this zoning ordinance. The requirements and standards set forth in this chapter are intended to ensure the usefulness of parking, loading and bicycle facilities, protect the public safety, and to mitigate potential adverse impacts on adjacent land uses. (Ord. 1946 (part), 2011; Ord. 1436 §2(part), 1981).
17.64.020 Applicability.
In all districts, in connection with any use whatsoever, there shall be provided at the time any building or structure is erected, enlarged or increased in capacity, or the use is changed or increased in intensity, off-street parking spaces for automobiles, off-street loading, and bicycle parking facilities for the enlarged or increased portion in the case of an addition or for the building, structure or use in other cases, in accordance with the requirements herein. All parking shall be developed and maintained to the standards set forth in Section 17.75.039, Off-street parking design and development standards. (Ord. 1946 (part), 2011).
17.64.030 Off-street loading.
A. In all districts for each use for which a building is to be erected or structurally altered to the extent of increasing the floor area to equal the minimum floor area required to provide loading space and which will require the receipt or distribution of materials or merchandise by truck or similar vehicle, there shall be provided off-street loading space in accordance with the standards set forth in Table 17.64.01, Off-Street Loading Requirements.
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Use Categories |
Off-Street Loading Berth Requirement (fractions rounded up to the closest whole number) |
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INDUSTRIAL, WAREHOUSING AND WHOLESALING |
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|
Sq. Ft. of Floor Area |
No. of Loading Berths Required |
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Less than 12,500 |
1 |
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12,501--25,000 |
2 |
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25,001--37,500 |
3 |
|
37,501--50,000 |
4 |
|
Over 50,000 |
5 plus 1 for each additional 50,000 sq. ft. |
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RETAIL, RESTAURANTS, HOSPITALS, AND OTHER GOODS HANDLING |
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|
Sq. Ft. of Floor Area |
No. of Loading Berths Required |
|
Less than 12,500 |
0 |
|
12,501--60,000 |
1 |
|
60,001--100,000 |
2 |
|
Over 100,000 |
3 plus 1 for each additional 80,000 sq. ft. |
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OFFICES, HOTELS AND OTHER NONGOODS HANDLING USES |
|
|
Sq. Ft. of Floor Area |
No. of Loading Berths Required |
|
0--50,000 |
0 |
|
50,001--200,000 |
1 |
|
Over 200,000 |
2 plus 1 for each 100,000 sq. ft. |
B. A loading berth shall not be less than ten feet wide, thirty-five feet long and have a height clearance of twelve feet. Where the vehicles generally used for loading and unloading exceed these dimensions, the required length of these berths shall be increased.
C. If loading space has been provided in connection with an existing use or is added to an existing use, the loading space shall not be eliminated if elimination would result in less space than is required to adequately meet the needs of the use.
D. Off-street parking areas used to fulfill the requirements of this title shall not be counted as required loading spaces and shall not be used for loading and unloading operations, except during periods of the day when not required to meet parking needs.
E. In no case shall any portion of a street or alley be counted as a part of the required parking or loading space, and such spaces shall be designed and located as to avoid undue interference with the public use of streets or alleys. (Ord. 1946 (part), 2011; Ord. 1436 §2(part), 1981. Formerly 17.64.020).
17.64.040 Off-street parking requirements.
All uses shall comply with the number of off-street parking requirements identified in Table 17.64.02A, Residential Off-Street Parking Requirements, and Table 17.64.02B, Non-Residential Off-Street Parking Requirements. For residential uses the off-street parking requirements are stated in terms of the minimum off-street parking required. For non-residential uses the off-street parking requirements are presented in terms of both minimum and maximum off-street parking required. The number of off-street parking spaces in Table 17.64.02B, Non-Residential Off-Street Parking, may be reduced in accordance with subsection B of this section, Adjustments to Off-Street Vehicle Parking.
The requirement for any use not specifically listed shall be determined by the community development director on the basis of requirements for similar uses, and on the basis of evidence of actual demand created by similar uses in the city and elsewhere, and such other traffic engineering or planning data as may be available and appropriate to the establishment of a minimum requirement.
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Use Categories |
Minimum Vehicle Parking Requirement (fractions rounded down to the closest whole number) |
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RESIDENTIAL |
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Single-Family Residential |
2 spaces per dwelling unit, both of which must be covered. |
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Accessory Dwelling Unit |
1 space per accessory dwelling unit. |
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Two-Family |
2 spaces per dwelling unit, both of which must be covered. |
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Multiple-Family |
1 space per studio or 1-bedroom unit; |
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1.5 spaces per 2-bedroom unit; and |
|
|
2 spaces per 3+-bedroom unit. |
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plus 1 guest parking space for each 4 dwelling units or fraction thereof. |
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Mobile Home Parks |
2 spaces per dwelling unit on the same lot or pad as the mobile home (may be tandem); plus 1 guest space for each 4 mobile homes. |
|
Residential Home |
2 spaces per dwelling unit, both of which must be covered. |
|
Residential Facility |
.75 spaces per bedroom |
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Congregate (Senior) Housing |
1 space per dwelling unit |
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Boarding Houses, Bed and Breakfast |
1 space per guest unit; plus 1 space per each 2 employees |
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Use Categories |
Minimum and Maximum Vehicle Parking Requirement (fractions rounded down to the closest whole number) |
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COMMERCIAL LODGING |
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Hotel or Motel |
1 space per guest unit; plus 1 space per each 2 employees. Units having kitchen facilities shall provide 2 spaces per unit with kitchen. |
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INSTITUTIONS |
|
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Welfare or Correctional Institutions |
1 space per 5 beds for patients or inmates. |
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Group Living such as Convalescent Hospitals, Nursing Home |
1 space per each 2 beds for patients or residents bedrooms. |
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Hospital |
3 spaces per each 2 beds, determined by the maximum design capacity of the facility. |
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PLACES OF PUBLIC ASSEMBLY |
|
|
Churches, Chapels, Mortuaries |
1 space per 75 sq. ft. of main assembly area; or per Chapter 17.72, Site Plan and Architectural Review |
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Libraries, Museum, Art Gallery |
1 space per 400 sq. ft. of net floor area; plus 1 space per each 2 employees |
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SCHOOLS |
|
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Day Care Center, Preschool |
1 space per employee; plus 1 space per 5 children the facility is designed or intended to accommodate. No requirements for facilities caring for 5 or fewer children simultaneously. |
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Elementary and Junior High Schools (public and private/parochial) |
3 spaces per classroom, or 1 space per 4 seats in the main auditorium, gymnasium, or other place available for public assembly, whichever is greater. |
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High Schools, Colleges, and Trade Schools (public and private/parochial) |
1 space per each 5 students, based on the design capacity of the facility, or 1 space per 4 seats in the main auditorium, gymnasium, or other place available for public assembly, whichever is greater. |
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COMMERCIAL AMUSEMENT and ENTERTAINMENT |
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Theaters, Amphitheaters, Stadiums |
1 space per each 4 fixed seats or 8 feet of bench length. |
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Bowling Alley |
5 spaces per lane; plus 1 space per each 2 employees. Other uses in the building shall be calculated separately per Section 17.64.040(F), Mixed Uses. |
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Dancehall, Skating Rink |
1 space per each 100 square feet of net floor (or ice) area or fraction thereof; plus 1 space per each 2 employees. |
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Swimming Pool |
1 space per each 100 square feet of pool surface area. |
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GENERAL COMMERCIAL |
|
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Retail Stores, Personal Services |
1 space per each 200 square feet of net floor area (excluding storage and other non-sales or non-display areas). |
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Furniture, Appliances |
1 space per each 500 square feet of gross floor area. |
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Automobile, Boat, Manufactured Home and Recreational Vehicle Sales, Service, and Rental |
1 space for each employee on the major shift; plus 2 spaces for each service bay; plus 1 space per each 300 square feet of showroom area; plus 1 space per each 2,000 square feet of used or new vehicle sales area, or other outdoor sales area. |
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Nurseries, Gardening and Building Materials |
1 space for each employee on the major shift; plus 2 spaces for each service bay; plus 1 space per each 300 square feet of showroom area; plus 1 space per each 2,000 square feet of used or new vehicle sales area, or other outdoor sales area. |
|
Service and Repair Shops |
1 space per each 300 square feet of gross floor area. |
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Eating and Drinking Establishments |
10 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of gross floor area. |
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Restaurants, Fast Food |
1 space per 100 feet of gross floor area, plus 3 stacking spaces for drive-through window. |
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OFFICE - PROFESSIONAL |
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Banks and other Financial Institutions |
1 space per 300 square feet of gross floor area. In no case shall there be fewer than 3 spaces provided. |
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General and Professional Offices |
1 space per 250 square feet of gross floor area. |
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Medical/Dental Offices |
1 space per 250 square feet of gross floor area. |
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INDUSTRIAL and MANUFACTURING |
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Assembly and Manufacturing |
2 spaces per each 3 employees on the 2 largest shifts*, or 1 space per each 500 square feet of gross floor area, whichever is greatest. (*1 space per employee if the business has only one shift). |
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Warehousing and Storage |
2 spaces per each 3 employees on the 2 largest adjacent shifts*, or 1 space per each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area, whichever is greater. (*1 space per employee if the business has only one shift). |
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Industrial Vehicles |
1 space for each vehicle kept or operated in connection with the use. |
A. Calculation of Required Off-Street Parking. Off-street parking facility requirements set forth in Table 17.64.02A, Residential Off-Street Parking Requirements, and Table 17.64.020B, Non-Residential Off-Street Parking Requirements, shall be applied as follows:
1. Where the application of the schedule results in a fractional requirement it shall be rounded down to the lowest whole number.
2. For purposes of this chapter, gross floor area shall not include enclosed or covered areas used for off-street parking or loading, or bicycle facilities.
3. Where uses or activities subject to differing requirements are located in the same structure or on the same site, or are intended to be served by a common facility, the total parking requirement shall be the sum of the requirements for each use or activity computed separately, except as adjusted through the site plan and architectural review process under the provisions of subsection (B) of this section. The community development director, when issuing a permit(s) for multiple uses on a site, may restrict the hours of operation or place other conditions on the multiple uses so that parking needs do not overlap and may then modify the total parking requirement to be based on the most intense combination of uses at any one time.
4. Where requirements are established on the basis of seats or person capacity, the building regulations provisions applicable at the time of determination shall be used to define capacity.
5. Where residential use is conducted together with or accessory to other permitted uses, applicable residential requirements shall apply in addition to other nonresidential requirements.
6. The parking requirements outlined in Table 17.64.02A, Residential Off-Street Parking Standards, and Table 17.64.020B, Non-Residential Off-Street Parking Requirements, include parking for handicapped persons shall be provided pursuant to the requirements of subsection C of this section, Accessible Parking Requirements.
B. Adjustments to Non-Residential Off-Street Vehicle Parking. The off-street parking requirements in Table 17.64.02B, Non-Residential Off-Street Parking Requirements, may be reduced, or increased in any commercial (C) or industrial (M) district as follows:
1. Reductions. The maximum off-street parking requirements may be reduced by no more than twenty percent.
2. Increases. The off-street parking requirements may be increased based on a parking demand analysis prepared by the applicant as part of the site plan and architectural review process. The parking demand analysis shall demonstrate and documents justification for the proposed increase.
C. Accessible Parking Requirements. Where parking is provided accessory to a building, accessible parking shall be provided, constructed, striped, signed and maintained as required by ORS 447.233, and Section 1104 of the latest Oregon Structural Specialty Code as set forth in this section.
1. The minimum number of accessible parking spaces shall be provided for all uses in accordance with the standards in Table 17.64.03, Minimum Number of Accessible Parking Spaces. Parking spaces used to meet the standards in Table 17.64.03, Minimum Number of Accessible Parking Spaces, shall be counted toward meeting off-street parking requirements in Tables 17.64.02A and 17.64.02B, Residential and Non-Residential Off-Street Parking Requirements. The accessible parking requirements set forth in Table 17.64.03, Minimum Number of Accessible Parking Spaces, are minimum requirements and are not subject to reductions per subsection (B)(1) of this section;
2. Accessible parking shall be located in close proximity to building entrances and shall be designed to permit occupants of vehicles to reach the entrance on an unobstructed path or walkway; and
3. Accessible spaces shall be grouped in pairs where possible.
Required accessible parking spaces shall be identified with signs and pavement markings identifying them as reserved for persons with disabilities; signs shall be posted directly in front of the parking space at a height of no less than forty-two inches and no more than seventy-two inches above pavement level. Van spaces shall be specifically identified as such.
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Total Number of Parking Spaces Provided (per lot) |
Total Minimum Number of Accessible Parking Spaces (with 60" access aisle, or 96" aisle for vans*) |
Van Accessible Parking Spaces with min. 96" wide access aisle |
Accessible Parking Spaces with min. 60" wide access aisle |
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1 to 25 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
|
26 to 50 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
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51 to 75 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
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76 to 100 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
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101 to 150 |
5 |
1 |
4 |
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151 to 200 |
6 |
1 |
5 |
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201 to 300 |
7 |
1 |
6 |
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301 to 400 |
8 |
1 |
7 |
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401 to 500 |
9 |
2 |
7 |
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501 to 1,000 |
2% of total parking provided in each lot |
1/8 of Column A** |
7/8 of Column A*** |
|
1,001 |
20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000 |
1/8 of Column A** |
7/8 of Column A*** |
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*vans and cars may share access aisles **one out of every eight accessible spaces ***seven out of every eight accessible parking spaces |
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D. Shared Parking. Required parking facilities for two or more uses, structures, or parcels of land in any commercial (C) or industrial (M) district may be satisfied by the same parking facilities used jointly, to the extent that the owners or operators show that the need for parking facilities does not materially overlap (e.g., uses primarily of a daytime versus nighttime nature; weekday uses versus weekend uses); and provided, that prior to the issuance of any building permit for the property that the right of joint use is evidenced by a recorded deed, lease, contract, or similar written instrument establishing the joint use. The city may approve owner requests for shared parking through the site plan and architectural review process.
E. Off-Site Parking. Except for single-family dwellings, the vehicle parking spaces required by this chapter may be located on another parcel of land, provided the parcel is within three hundred feet of the use it serves and the city has approved the off-site parking through the site plan and architectural review process. The distance from the parking area to the use shall be measured from the nearest parking space to a building entrance, following a sidewalk or other pedestrian route. The right to use the off-site parking must be evidenced by a recorded deed, lease, easement, or similar written instrument in the same manner as set forth in subsection (A)(3) of this section.
F. Mixed Uses. If more than one type of land use occupies a single structure or parcel of land, the total requirements for off-street automobile parking shall be the sum of the requirements for all uses, unless it can be shown that the peak parking demands are actually less (see subsection D of this section, Shared Parking).
G. Compact Car Adjustment.
1. Any parking lot or otherwise required public parking area containing ten or more parking spaces shall be eligible for a compact car adjustment, provided all requirements of this chapter are adequately met.
2. Up to, but not exceeding, twenty-five percent of the total number of required parking spaces may be designed and provided for the parking of compact cars.
3. All compact parking spaces must be identified for compact parking only. Compact parking spaces shall be designed in accordance with the minimum standards set forth in Section 17.75.039(B), Parking Stall Minimum Dimensions.
H. Change of Use. Prior to the change of use of a building or structure the applicant shall demonstrate that adequate parking spaces are available to accommodate the new use(s) as required in this chapter.
I. Bicycle Parking. Bicycle parking shall be provided in accordance with Table 17.64.04, Bicycle Parking Requirements.
|
Land Use |
Minimum Required |
Minimum Covered |
|
Residential |
||
|
Single-Family Residential |
NA |
NA |
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Multi-Family Residential, General |
1 space per unit |
100% |
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Multi-Family Residential, Congregate Housing, or with Physical Disabilities |
1 space per 5 units |
100% |
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Institutional |
||
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Schools, Elementary |
4 spaces per classroom |
100% |
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Schools, Junior High/Middle School |
4 spaces per classroom |
100% |
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Schools, Senior High |
8 spaces per classroom |
100% |
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College/Trade School |
1 space per 4 students (plus 1 space per student housing room/unit) |
100% |
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Transit Centers/Park and Ride Lots |
5% of automobile parking spaces |
100% |
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Religious Institutions |
1 space per 40 seat capacity |
25% |
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Hospitals |
1 space per 5 beds |
75% |
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Medical/Dental Offices |
2 spaces, or 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
25% |
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Libraries/Museums, etc. |
2 spaces, or 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
25% |
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Commercial |
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Retail Sales |
0.33 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. |
50% |
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Auto-Oriented Sales |
2 spaces, or 0.33 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
10% |
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Groceries/Supermarkets |
0.33 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. |
10% |
|
Office |
2 spaces, or 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
10% |
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Restaurant |
1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. |
25% |
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Drive-In Restaurant |
1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. |
25% |
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Shopping Center |
0.33 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. |
50% |
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Financial Institutions |
2 spaces, or 0.33 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
10% |
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Theaters/Auditoriums, etc. |
1 space per 30 seats |
10% |
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Industrial |
||
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Industrial Park |
2 spaces, or 0.1 space per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
100% |
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Warehouse |
2 spaces, or 0.1 space per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
100% |
|
Manufacturing, etc. |
2 spaces, or 0.15 space per 1,000 sq. ft., whichever is greater |
100% |
(Ord. 1946 (part), 2011).