Chapter 17.200
OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING
Sections:
17.200.010 Intent.
17.200.020 General provisions.
17.200.030 Design requirements.
17.200.040 Minimum off-street parking requirements.
17.200.050 Nonresidential loading requirements.
17.200.060 Bicycle parking.
17.200.010 Intent.
The provisions of this section are intended to guarantee that adequate parking is provided by each business or residence for the convenience and safety of the user, and to reduce traffic congestion caused by on-street parking. The standards which address the improvement of parking areas are designed to enhance their appearance, make them safe for public use, control dust, and reduce the amount of damage to improved streets, sidewalks, and storm sewerage systems from debris. [Ord. 93 § 3.15.1, 1987].
17.200.020 General provisions.
(1) Required parking shall be available for the parking of operable vehicles of residents, customers, and employees. A required loading space shall not be used for any other purpose than the immediate loading or unloading of goods or passengers.
(2) The off-street parking and loading requirements specified in this title shall be required of any new development or use and shall not be relinquished, reduced, or altered below the requirements established unless equivalent facilities are provided and maintained elsewhere or until the use or occupancy of the building or structure is changed, affecting the computation of the required parking.
(3) When an existing structure is enlarged by increasing the floor space or by increasing seating capacity, or if the use changes, and any of these changes requires greater amounts of parking, the off-street parking requirements of this chapter for the use, in its entirety, shall be satisfied.
(4) Off-street parking and loading spaces shall meet all requirements of this title before the building for which they serve is occupied, except as permitted in CBMC 17.200.030(3).
(5) All parking spaces shall be on the same parcel of land with the main use they serve. However, parking for nonresidential structures or uses may be provided within 300 feet of the main building and in the same general type of district if there is assurance in the form of deed, lease, contract, or other similar document that the site is usable for the required parking for the duration of the use. [Ord. 93 § 3.15.2, 1987].
17.200.030 Design requirements.
(1) Access.
(a) All access to individual parking spaces on a nonresidential parcel or lot shall be from a street or alley directly to the parcel or lot itself. Parking spaces in a nonresidential lot and for multiple-family units of four or more shall be arranged so that ingress to or egress from a parking space does not require backing into a public street or over a sidewalk.
(b) The only exception to this requirement may occur in the residential/professional district (R-4P) if in the judgment of the department of community services excessive development of maneuvering areas will detract from the residential character of the building. Factors to be considered in making this decision include the number of vehicles generated, frequency of vehicle movement, the amount of land area needed for maneuvering, and traffic safety factors, such as the design of the street or the average daily traffic volume.
(2) Dimensions.
(a) Residential Uses. A parking space for residential uses shall have a minimum width of nine feet and a minimum length of 18 feet.
(b) Nonresidential Uses. A parking space for nonresidential uses shall have a minimum width of nine feet and a minimum length of 18 feet not including access driveways and turnarounds sufficient to permit a standard automobile to be parked in and removed from the space without the necessity of moving other vehicles. The recommended dimensions of stalls and aisles are shown in Table 17.200.030.
(c) Nonresidential Uses – Compact Car. A compact car space for nonresidential uses shall have a minimum width of eight feet and a minimum length of 16 feet not including access driveways and turnarounds sufficient to permit a compact automobile to be parked in and removed from the space without the necessity of moving other vehicles.
|
Angle X |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
Unit Depth |
|
|
I |
II |
||||||||
|
30 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
15.9 16.4 16.8 |
11.0 11.0 11.0 |
24.9 25.4 25.8 |
16.0 17.0 18.0 |
4.0 4.2 4.5 |
19.6 19.8 20.1 |
42.8 43.7 44.6 |
35.9 36.4 36.8 |
|
45 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
18.4 18.7 19.1 |
14.0 13.5 13.0 |
31.1 31.5 31.8 |
11.3 12.0 12.7 |
5.7 6.0 6.4 |
18.4 18.7 19.1 |
50.8 51.0 51.2 |
45.1 45.0 44.8 |
|
60 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
19.6 19.8 20.1 |
19.0 18.5 18.0 |
35.2 35.4 35.7 |
9.2 9.8 10.4 |
6.9 7.4 7.8 |
15.9 16.4 16.8 |
58.2 58.2 58.2 |
54.2 53.9 53.7 |
|
70 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
19.7 19.8 20.0 |
20.0 19.5 19.0 |
36.6 36.7 36.9 |
8.5 9.0 9.6 |
7.5 8.0 8.5 |
13.7 14.1 14.6 |
59.3 59.1 59.0 |
56.6 56.2 55.9 |
|
80 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
19.1 19.2 19.3 |
25.0 24.0 24.0 |
36.8 36.9 37.0 |
8.1 8.6 9.1 |
7.9 8.4 8.9 |
11.0 11.5 12.0 |
63.2 62.4 62.6 |
61.8 60.9 61.0 |
|
90 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
18.0 18.0 18.0 |
29.0 27.0 25.0 |
36.0 36.0 36.0 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
8.0 8.5 9.0 |
0 0 0 |
65.0 63.0 61.0 |
65.0 63.0 61.0 |
Figure 17.200.030
– Stall and Aisle Diagram
Note: Even number of spaces, “N” is length of curb.
“L” = N = L – H + G
F
Stall length = 18'0"
(3) Surfacing.
(a) General.
(i) All off-street parking spaces, access, maneuvering areas, and driveways shall be graded and paved in accordance with the standards established by the engineering division and shall be maintained in good condition.
(ii) If access is gained from an improved street, that portion of the access in the public right-of-way also shall be paved.
(iii) Improvements to the parking facilities of residential uses, such as the addition of a carport or garage, shall require compliance with the surfacing requirements of the driveway and maneuvering areas if the dwelling gains access from an improved street. At a minimum, the paved access must be 10 feet in length measured from the curb face.
(iv) Exceptions to this requirement are listed in subsection (3)(b) of this section; delays are listed in subsections (3)(c) and (d) of this section.
(b) Exceptions. The following parking areas are exempt from the surfacing requirements, but are subject to improvements in subsection (3)(e) of this section:
(i) Separate or segregated parking areas for storage of business vehicles and equipment when in excess of the required parking.
(ii) Separate or segregated parking areas for employees only when in excess of the required parking.
(iii) Separate or segregated areas for the outside display of merchandise. (Example: automotive and equipment sales/rentals and construction sales and service, etc.)
(c) Delays – Unimproved Rights-of-Way. Off-street parking and loading for residential and nonresidential uses on existing unpaved streets are allowed a delay from the surfacing requirements prior to the issuance of an occupancy permit. However, the property owner must consent and present a recorded deed restriction or covenant which states that remonstrance against any future street improvement project has been waived and that the required paving will be completed within 12 months after the street is improved.
(d) Delays – Physical Problems. The immediate surfacing of parking areas may be delayed up to one year after the date of occupancy when it is determined by the city building official that soil or climatic conditions or the availability of paving material prevents immediate paving. Soil instability shall be verified in writing by a paving contractor, qualified architect or engineer. The temporary delay shall be granted in writing by the building official. This delay is subject to improvements that may be required in subsection (3)(e) of this section.
(e) Surfacing – Improvements for Exempt Surfacing.
(i) Provide gravel and/or durable, dustless surface.
(ii) Pave driveways and aprons to discourage debris from entering the street right-of-way or sidewalk. At a minimum, the paved access must be 20 feet in length measured from the curb face.
(iii) When adjacent to public sidewalks, provide a six-inch curb in accordance with standards established by the department of community services.
(iv) Provide adequate drainage to dispose of runoff.
(4) Signing. Parking stalls shall be clearly marked to the full 18- or 16-foot length and access lanes marked with directional arrows to guide internal movements. Additional signs and markings shall be required if determined by the public works department to be necessary for traffic circulation or safety. Areas used for compact cars shall be clearly marked and handicapped parking spaces shall be designated in accordance with state standards.
(5) Wheel Stops. Wheel stops shall be placed so that no part of a vehicle extends over public sidewalks or rights-of-way or property lines. Parking areas directly abutting a street where no sidewalk exists shall have wheel stops placed so that at least a five-foot strip of pavement is available for pedestrian access in lieu of the sidewalk.
(6) Drainage. Adequate drainage shall be provided to prevent ponding and to dispose of the runoff from the impervious surface of the parking area. Provisions shall be made for the on-site collection of drainage waters to eliminate sheet flow of water onto sidewalks, public rights-of-way, and abutting private property, subject to approval of the public works department.
(7) Landscaping.
(a) Minimum Area. For all off-street parking and maneuvering areas with 10 or more spaces, a minimum of nine square feet of landscaping shall be provided for each parking space.
(b) Design Requirements.
(i) Landscaping shall consist of elements, each with a minimum area of 25 square feet and a minimum average width of three feet.
(ii) Landscaping elements must be adjacent to or within the parking lot and shall be spaced no farther than 100 feet apart.
(iii) Each element must have a major tree with a height of at least 20 feet at maturity and ground cover with a minimum height of one and one-half feet at maturity.
(8) Lighting. Lighting provided to illuminate parking, sales or display areas shall be hooded and arranged and controlled not to cause a nuisance either to traffic or to the living environment. The amount of light shall be provided according to the standards established by the public works department. [Ord. 344, 2004; Ord. 234, 1996; Ord. 93 § 3.15.3, 1987].
17.200.040 Minimum off-street parking requirements.
(1) General.
(a) The amount of off-street parking shall be computed according to the standards of this section and the formulas listed in Table 17.200.040.
(b) Off-street parking requirements for a use not specifically mentioned shall be computed at the requirement for the use it most closely resembles at the discretion of the community development department.
(c) In the case of mixed uses, the total requirements for off-street parking facilities shall be the sum of the requirements for the various uses computed separately.
(2) Shared Parking. Parking for two different uses may be shared if the business can demonstrate that the hours of operation do not overlap.
(3) Compact Car and Handicapped Parking. A maximum of 25 percent of the required parking may be used for compact car parking. The number of parking spaces for the handicapped shall comply with state law.
(4) Exempt Parking.
(a) There shall be no off-street parking requirements for any property included within the area identified in Figure 17.200.040(1). This area includes property within the parking lot assessment district, city-owned property, public right-of-way, and private property that has provided land for public parking.
(b) Any use included in the area identified in Figure 17.200.040(2) must provide off-street parking for the number of spaces required in Table 17.200.040, in excess of 25 spaces.
Figure 17.200.040(1)
– Exempt Parking Area
Figure 17.200.040(2)
|
Use or Occupancy |
Number of Spaces Required |
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Residential** |
|
|
Single-family or duplex dwelling |
Two per dwelling unit |
|
Multiple-family dwelling or group residential |
One and one-half per dwelling unit |
|
Group residential care facility** |
One per three beds |
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Residential certified factory-built home park |
Two and one-half per dwelling unit |
|
Senior citizen housing |
Land area for one and one-half per dwelling unit must be available; however, only one space per three dwelling units must be improved |
|
Tourist Lodging** |
|
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Commercial recreational vehicle park |
One per space plus one per every five mobile unit spaces |
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Hotels, motels, lodging, bed and breakfast** |
One per guestroom or suite plus one per every 25 rooms |
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Emergency shelter or housing** |
One per guestroom or suite plus one for every 25 rooms |
|
Commercial** |
|
|
Auto, boat, trailer/mobile home sales or service, or nursery |
One per 500 square feet |
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General retail |
One per 250 square feet |
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Furniture or appliance |
One per 500 square feet |
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Personal service and repair |
One per 250 square feet |
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Self-service laundry |
One per three washing machines |
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Professional or general office, general government, utility company |
One per 330 square feet |
|
Full-service bank |
One per 200 square feet |
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Savings and loan |
One per 250 square feet |
|
Social service office |
One per 125 square feet |
|
Medical/dental office or clinic |
One per 200 square feet |
|
Eating and drinking establishment |
One per 100 square feet |
|
Lodge and fraternal organization |
Parking spaces shall meet the combined requirements of uses conducted (i.e., restaurants, places of assembly, offices) |
|
Bowling alley |
Two per lane |
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Skating rink or dance hall |
Two per 100 square feet plus one per two employees |
|
Institutional** |
|
|
Rest home or sanitarium |
One space per two beds for patients or residents |
|
Hospital |
Three per two beds |
|
Library |
Two and one-half spaces per 1,000 square feet plus one space per two employees |
|
Schools** |
|
|
Preschool, nursery or kindergarten |
Two spaces per teacher |
|
Elementary or junior high school |
One space per classroom plus one space per administrative employee; or one space per four seats or eight feet of bench length in the auditorium, whichever is greater |
|
High school |
One space per classroom plus one space per administrative employee plus one space for each six students; or one space per four seats or eight feet of bench length in the main auditorium or assembly room, whichever is greater |
|
College, university, trade school |
Two per classroom plus one per five commercial school for adult students |
|
Places of Assembly** |
|
|
With seating, i.e., church |
One space for each four seats or eight feet of bench length which may potentially be provided in the main room of a church, religious institution, or other auditorium. Such space may not be provided in the required first 10 feet of any yard which abuts a street. |
|
With no seating, i.e., playground |
At the discretion of the planning commission. Generally one space per four persons based on the occupancy load. |
|
Industrial |
|
|
Warehouse and manufacturing |
One per 1,000 square feet, but must yield no less than one per employee |
|
Wholesale establishment and freight |
One per employee plus one per 1,000 square feet of terminal |
* Unless otherwise specified, the computations are based upon the square feet of floor area generally available for occupancy, exclusive of restrooms, hallways, lobbies, storage areas not used for public display, elevators, and similar accessory areas.
** Bed and breakfast establishments, emergency shelters/housing, or uses in certified historic structures may be allowed a reduction in the amount of parking required on site through the variance procedure. This reduction may be allowed if on-street parking along the subject property frontage is available: up to a 50 percent reduction if on-street parking is allowed on both sides of the street; up to a 20 percent reduction if on-street parking is allowed on one side only.
[Ord. 406 § 1, 2008; Ord. 237, 1997; Ord. 93 § 3.15.4, 1987].
17.200.050 Nonresidential loading requirements.
(1) Nonresidential off-street loading shall be required of uses or buildings which receive or distribute merchandise by truck and shall be adequate to handle the needs of the particular use. Where practical difficulties make it impossible to provide off-street loading spaces, provisions shall be made to provide these spaces through a right-of-way use permit or loading zone.
(2) Businesses located within existing parking assessment districts, which are exempt from off-street parking requirements, shall provide loading spaces as required.
(3) All schools having a capacity of 25 or more students shall have a driveway designed for a continuous flow of passenger vehicles for the purpose of loading and unloading students.
(4) Off-street loading spaces shall be required as designated by Table 17.200.050.
|
Sq. Ft. of Floor Area* |
Loading Space |
Special Requirements |
|
1,000 – 5,000 |
250 sq. ft. |
None |
|
5,000 – 20,000 |
300 sq. ft. |
None |
|
20,000 – 50,000 |
750 sq. ft. |
One space must measure 10' x 50' |
|
50,000 plus |
1,000 sq. ft. |
One space must measure 10' x 50' |
* Unless otherwise specified, the computations are based upon the square feet of floor area generally available for occupancy, exclusive of restrooms, hallways, lobbies, storage areas not used for public display, elevators, and similar accessory areas.
[Ord. 93 § 3.15.5, 1987].
17.200.060 Bicycle parking.
All uses, except for single-family dwellings and duplexes, required to provide off-street vehicle parking shall provide bicycle parking consistent with the standards in Table 17.200.060.
|
Type of Use |
Number of Bicycle Parking Spaces |
|
Multifamily Residential |
One space per dwelling unit1 |
|
Commercial |
One space per use plus one space per 50 vehicle parking spaces |
|
Institutional, Public and Quasi-public |
Schools – One space per 10 students Other uses – One space per use plus one space per 10 vehicle parking spaces |
1. Bicycle parking space may be located within garage, storage shed, basement, utility room or similar area.
(1) Bicycle Parking Location. Bicycle parking shall be located in lighted, secure locations within 50 feet of the main entrance to a building, but not further from the entrance than the closest general purpose automobile parking space. Where a building has multiple entrances, required bicycle parking shall be no farther than 50 feet from an entrance. Bicycle parking shall be located and designed so as to not impede or create a hazard to pedestrians (at least 36 inches between bicycles and other obstructions or buildings). [Ord. 344, 2004; Ord. 93 § 3.15.6, 1987].