Chapter 18.20 TECHNICAL TERMS AND LAND USE DEFINITIONS

This chapter contains definitions of technical and procedural terms used throughout the code and definitions of land uses listed in tables in Chapter 18.25 CMC. The definitions in this chapter supplement the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC). See Chapter 18.10 CMC for rules on interpretation of the code, including use of these definitions. Development standards are found in Chapters 18.30 through 18.100 CMC. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.005))

18.20.007 Abandoned vehicle.

An “abandoned vehicle” means any vehicle left upon the property of another without the consent of the owner of such property for a period of 24 hours or longer, except that a vehicle shall not be considered abandoned if its owner or operator is unable to remove it from the place where it is located and so notifies law enforcement officials and requests assistance. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.007))

18.20.010 Accessory living quarters.

“Accessory living quarters” means living quarters in an accessory building for the use of the occupant or persons employed on the premises, or for temporary use of guests of the occupant. Such quarters have no kitchen and are not otherwise used as a separate dwelling unit. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.010))

18.20.015 Accessory use, commercial/industrial.

“Accessory use, commercial/industrial” means:

(1) A use that is subordinate and incidental to a commercial or industrial use, including but not limited to the following uses:

(a) Administrative offices;

(b) Employee exercise facilities;

(d) Incidental storage of raw materials and finished products sold or manufactured on-site;

(e) Business owner or caretaker residence;

(f) Cogeneration facilities;

(g) Ground maintenance facilities; and

(h) Electric vehicle charging stations.

(2) Some accessory uses within the scope of this section may be defined separately to enable the code to apply different conditions of approval. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.015))

18.20.020 Accessory use, residential.

“Accessory use, residential” means:

(1) A use, structure, or activity which is subordinate and incidental to a residence including but not limited to the following uses:

(a) Accessory living quarters and dwellings;

(b) Fallout/bomb shelters;

(d) On-site rental office;

(e) Pools, private docks, piers;

(f) Antennas for private telecommunication services;

(g) Storage of yard maintenance equipment;

(h) Storage of private vehicles, e.g., motor vehicles, boats, trailers or planes;

(i) Greenhouses; or

(j) Electric vehicle charging stations.

18.20.025 Accessory use, resource.

“Accessory use, resource” means:

(1) A use, structure, or part of a structure, which is customarily subordinate and incidental to a resource use including, but not limited to, the following uses:

(a) Housing of agricultural workers; or

(b) Storage of agricultural products or equipment used on site.

(2) Some accessory uses within the scope of this section may be defined separately to enable the code to apply different conditions of approval. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.025))

18.20.026 Active recreation space.

“Active recreation space” means recreation space that recognizes a higher level of public use than passive recreation space, and that will be developed for organized or intense recreation. Active recreation space includes both the active recreation uses and all necessary support services and facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.026))

18.20.027 Adjustment factor.

“Adjustment factor” means a factor that, when applied to the reference evapotranspiration, adjusts for plant factors and irrigation efficiently. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.027))

18.20.035 Adult entertainment business.

“Adult entertainment business” means an adult club, adult arcade or adult theater as those terms are defined in the adult entertainment licensing provisions in CMC Title 5. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.035))

18.20.039 Agricultural drainage.

“Agricultural drainage” means any stream, ditch, tile system, pipe or culvert primarily used to drain fields for horticultural or livestock activities. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.040 Agricultural product sales.

“Agricultural product sales” means the retail sale of items resulting form the practice of agriculture, including crops such as fruits, vegetables, grains, seed, feed, and plants, or animal products such as eggs, milk, and meat. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.040))

18.20.042 Agriculture training facility.

“Agriculture training facility” means an establishment developed for use by the property owner, its employees, and/or agricultural trainees for training activities which are related to or supportive of the agricultural use of the property and surrounding agricultural activities. Agriculture training facilities may include overnight lodging, meeting rooms, and educational activities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.042))

18.20.050 Airport/heliport.

“Airport/heliport” means any runway, landing area or other facility, excluding facilities for the primary use of the individual property owner which are classified as helistops, designed or used by public carriers or private aircraft for the landing and taking off of aircraft, including the following associated facilities:

(1) Taxiways;

(2) Aircraft storage and tie-down areas;

(3) Hangars;

(4) Servicing; and

(5) Passenger and air freight terminals. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.050))

18.20.055 Alley.

“Alley” means an improved thoroughfare or right-of-way, whether public or private, usually narrower than a street, that provides vehicular access to an interior boundary of one or more lots, and is not designed for general traffic circulation. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.055))

18.20.056 Alteration.

“Alteration” means any human activity that results or is likely to result in an impact upon the existing condition of a critical area or its buffer. “Alteration” includes, but is not limited to, grading, filling, dredging, channelizing, applying herbicides or pesticides or any hazardous substance, discharging pollutants except storm water, grazing domestic animals, paving, constructing, applying gravel, modifying topography for surface water management purposes, cutting, pruning, topping, trimming, relocating or removing vegetation or any other human activity that results or is likely to result in an impact to existing vegetation, hydrology, fish or wildlife or their habitats. “Alteration” does not include passive recreation such as walking, fishing or any other similar activities. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.057 Alternative water sources.

“Alternative water sources” means stored rainwater, or treated or recycled wastewater of a quality suitable for uses such as landscape irrigation. Such water is not considered potable. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.057))

18.20.059 Amenity area.

“Amenity area” means the portion of the street right-of-way between the curb and the clear walk zone of the sidewalk where trees, lighting, and street furnishings are often located. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.060 Amusement arcades.

“Amusement arcades” means a building or part of a building in which five or more pinball machines, video games, or other such player-operator amusement devices (excluding juke boxes or gambling-related machines) are operated. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.060))

18.20.065 Animal, small.

“Animal, small” means any animal other than livestock or animals considered to be predatory or wild which are kept outside a dwelling unit all or part of the time. Animals considered predatory or wild, excluding those in zoo animal breeding facilities, shall be considered small animals when they are taken into captivity for the purposes of breeding, domestication, training, hunting or exhibition. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.065))

18.20.067 Antenna.

“Antenna” means any system of poles, panels, rods, reflecting discs or similar devices used for the transmission or reception or radio frequency signals. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.067))

18.20.070 Applicant.

“Applicant” means a property owner, a public agency or a public or private utility that owns a right-of-way or other easement or has been adjudicated the right to such an easement under RCW 8.08.040, or any person or entity designated or named in writing by the property or easement owner to be the applicant, in an application for a development proposal, permit or approval. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.070))

18.20.072 Application rate.

“Application rate” means the depth of water applied to an area expressed in inches per hour. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.072))

18.20.072.5 Aquatic area.

“Aquatic area” means any nonwetland water feature including all shorelines of the State, rivers, streams, marine waters, inland bodies of open water including lakes and ponds, reservoirs and conveyance systems and impoundments of these features if any portion of the feature is formed from a stream or wetland and if any stream or wetland contributing flows is not created solely as a consequence of storm water pond construction. “Aquatic area” does not include water features that are entirely artificially collected or conveyed storm or wastewater systems or entirely artificial channels, ponds, pools or other similar constructed water features. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.072.8 Articulate.

“Articulate” means to give emphasis to or distinctly identify a particular building element. An articulated facade would be the emphasis of elements on the face of a wall including a change in setback, materials, texture, color, roof pitch, or height. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.073 Artist studio.

“Artist studio” means an establishment providing a place solely for the practice or rehearsal of various performing or creative arts including, but not limited to, acting, dancing, singing, drawing, painting and sculpting. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.073))

18.20.074 Asphalt plant.

“Asphalt plant” means any facility involved in the manufacturing and/or distribution of asphalt concrete and similar products. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.075 Auction house.

“Auction house” means an establishment where the property of others is sold by a broker or auctioneer to persons who attend scheduled sales periods or events. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.075))

18.20.077 Bank stabilization.

“Bank stabilization” means an action taken to minimize or avoid the erosion of materials from the banks of rivers and streams. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.080 Base flood.

“Base flood” means a flood having a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year, often referred to as the “100-year flood.” (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.080))

18.20.085 Base flood elevation.

“Base flood elevation” means the water surface elevation of the base flood in relation to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.085))

18.20.087 Basement.

“Basement” means for purposes of development proposals in a flood hazard area, any area of a building where the floor subgrade is below ground level on all sides. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.089.3 Battery charging station.

“Battery charging station” means an electrical component assembly or cluster of component assemblies designed specifically to charge batteries within electric vehicles, which meet or exceed any standards, codes, and regulations set forth by Chapter 19.28 RCW and consistent with rules adopted under RCW 19.27.540. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.089.6 Battery exchange station.

“Battery exchange station” means a fully automated facility that will enable an electric vehicle with a swappable battery to enter a drive lane and exchange the depleted battery with a fully charged battery through a fully automated process, which meets or exceeds any standards, codes, and regulations set forth by Chapter 19.27 RCW and consistent with rules adopted under RCW 19.27.540. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.090 Bed and breakfast guesthouse.

“Bed and breakfast guesthouse” means a dwelling unit or accessory building within which bedrooms are available for paying guests. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.090))

18.20.095 Beehive.

“Beehive” means a structure designed to contain one colony of honey bees (Apis mellifera). (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.095))

18.20.096 Belt course.

“Belt course” means a molding or projecting course running horizontally along the face of a building. A course may be comprised of stone, tile, brick, or other material. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.097 Berm.

“Berm” means a constructed area of compacted earth. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.097))

18.20.098 Best management practice.

“Best management practice” means a schedule of activities, prohibitions of practices, physical structures, maintenance procedures and other management practices undertaken to reduce pollution or to provide habitat protection or maintenance. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.100 Billboard.

“Billboard” means a sign, including both the supporting structural framework and attached billboard faces, used principally for advertising a business activity, use, product, or service unrelated to the primary use or activity of the property on which the billboard is located, excluding off-premises directional or temporary real estate signs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.100))

18.20.105 Bioengineering.

“Bioengineering” means the use of vegetation and other natural materials such as soil, wood and rock to stabilize soil, typically against slides and stream flow erosion. When natural materials alone do not possess the needed strength to resist hydraulic and gravitational forces, “bioengineering” may consist of the use of natural materials integrated with human-made fabrics and connecting materials to create a complex matrix that joins with in-place native materials to provide erosion control. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.110 Biologist, qualified.

“Qualified biologist” means a person with training and experience in the scientific discipline, and who is a qualified scientific expert with expertise in streams, wetlands or lakes subject matter in accordance with WAC 365-195-905(4). A qualified professional must have obtained a bachelor of science degree in the biological sciences from an accredited college or university or who has equivalent educational training and professional experience related to the subject of habitat or species. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.110))

18.20.112 Bog.

“Bog” means a wetland that has no significant inflows or outflows and supports acidophilic mosses, particularly sphagnum. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.115 Book, stationery, video and art supply store.

“Book, stationery, video and art supply store” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of books and magazines, stationery, records and tapes, video and art supplies and is classified as a retail trade and service. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.115))

18.20.120 Broadleaf tree.

“Broadleaf tree” means a tree characterized by leaves that are broad in width and may include both deciduous and evergreen species. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.120))

18.20.122 Buffer, critical area.

“Buffer” means a designated area contiguous to a steep slope or landslide hazard area intended to protect slope stability, attenuation of surface water flows and landslide hazards, or a designated area contiguous to and intended to protect and be an integral part of an aquatic area or wetland. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.122))

18.20.123 Buffer and transition zone, downtown.

“Buffer and transition zone” means an area provided to reduce impacts between two different land uses in the downtown zones. Buffer and transition zones are intended to mitigate undesirable views, noises or glare. They include but are not limited to plant materials, walls, fences and/or significant land area to separate uses. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.125 Building.

“Building” means any structure having a roof. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.125))

18.20.135 Building envelope.

“Building envelope” means area of a lot that delineates the limits of where a building may be placed on the lot. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.135))

18.20.140 Building facade.

“Building facade” means that portion of any exterior elevation of a building extending from the grade of the building to the top of the parapet wall or eaves, for the entire width of the building elevation. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.140))

18.20.145 Building, hardware and garden materials store.

“Building, hardware and garden materials store” means an establishment engaged in selling lumber and other building materials, feed, or lawn and garden supplies including, but not limited to, uses located in SIC Major Group No. 52 – Building materials, hardware, garden supply, excluding mobile home dealers. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.145))

18.20.146 Building height.

“Building height” means the height of a structure measured from the average finished grade at a point five feet from the average building face to the finished roof surface, excluding parapets, equipment rooms, equipment enclosures, equipment penthouses, towers, window washing equipment, stairway penthouses and similar areas. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.150 Bulk gas storage tanks.

“Bulk gas storage tanks” means a tank from which illuminating, heating, or liquefied gas is distributed by piping directly to individual users. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.150))

18.20.155 Bulk retail.

“Bulk retail” means an establishment offering the sale of bulk goods to the general public, including limited sales to wholesale customers. These establishments offer a variety of lines of merchandise including but not limited to: food, building, hardware and garden materials, dry goods, apparel and accessories, home furnishings, housewares, drugs, auto supplies, hobby, toys, games, photographic, and electronics. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.155))

18.20.157 Business services.¹

“Business services” means goods and services provided by specialized firms to other firms, including, but not limited to, accounting, design, maintenance, printing, and supply of temporary personnel, etc. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.160 Campground.

“Campground” means an area of land developed for recreational use in temporary occupancy, such as: tents or recreational vehicles without hook-up facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.160))

18.20.162 Canopy.

“Canopy” means an architectural projection that provides weather protection, identity or decoration and is supported by the building to which it is attached. A canopy is comprised of a rigid structure over which a rigid covering is attached. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.165 Capacity, school.

“Capacity, school” means the number of students a school district’s facilities can accommodate district-wide, based on the district’s standard of service, as determined by the school district. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.165))

18.20.170 Capital facilities plan, school.

“Capital facilities plan, school” means a district’s facilities plan adopted by the school board consisting of:

(1) A forecast of future needs for school facilities based on the district’s enrollment projections;

(2) The long-range construction and capital improvements projects of the district;

(3) The schools under construction or expansion;

(4) The proposed locations and capacities of expanded or new school facilities;

(5) At least a six-year financing plan component, updated as necessary to maintain at least a six-year forecast period, for financing needed school facilities within projected funding levels, and identifying sources of financing for such purposes, including bond issues authorized by the voters and projected bond issues not yet authorized by the voters;

(6) Any other long-range projects planned by the district;

(7) The current capacity of the district’s school facilities based on the districts adopted standard of service, and a plan to eliminate existing deficiencies, if any, without the use of impact fees; and

(8) An inventory showing the location and capacity of existing school facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.170))

18.20.172 Catastrophic collapse.

“Catastrophic collapse” means the collapse of the ground surface by overburden caving into underground voids created by mining. Catastrophic collapse does not include the effects from trough subsidence. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.172))

18.20.175 Cattery.

“Cattery” means a place where adult cats are temporarily boarded for compensation, whether or not for training. An adult cat is of either sex, altered or unaltered, that has reached the age of six months. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.175))

18.20.180 Cemetery, columbarium or mausoleum.

“Cemetery, columbarium or mausoleum” means land or structures used for interment of the dead or their remains. For purposes of the code, pet cemeteries are considered a subclassification of this use. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.180))

18.20.181 Channel.

“Channel” means a feature that contains and was formed by periodically or continuously flowing water confined by banks. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.181.5 Channel edge.

“Channel edge” means the outer edge of the water’s bankfull width or, where applicable, the outer edge of the associated channel migration zone. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.182 Channel relocation and stream meander areas.

“Channel relocation and stream meander areas” means those areas subject to risk due to stream bank destabilization, rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion, and shifts in the location of stream channels. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.182))

18.20.183 Channel migration hazard area, moderate.

“Channel migration hazard area, moderate” means a portion of the channel migration zone, as shown on King County’s channel migration zone maps, that lies between the severe channel migration hazard area and the outer boundaries of the channel migration zone. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.184 Channel migration hazard area, severe.

“Channel migration hazard area, severe” means a portion of the channel migration zone, as shown on Covington’s channel migration zone maps when adopted, that includes the present channel. The total width of the severe channel migration hazard area equals 100 years times the average annual channel migration rate, plus the present channel width. The average annual channel migration rate as determined in the technical report is the basis for each channel migration zone map. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.184.5 Channel migration zone.

“Channel migration zone” means those areas within the lateral extent of likely stream channel movement that are subject to risk due to stream bank destabilization, rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion and shifts in the location of stream channels, as shown on Covington’s channel migration zone maps. “Channel migration zone” means the corridor that includes the present channel, the severe channel migration hazard area and the moderate channel migration hazard area. “Channel migration zone” does not include areas that lie behind an arterial road, a public road serving as a sole access route, a State or Federal highway or a railroad. “Channel migration zone” may exclude areas that lie behind a lawfully established flood protection facility that is likely to be maintained by existing programs for public maintenance consistent with designation and classification criteria specified by public rule. When a natural geologic feature affects channel migration, the channel migration zone width will consider such natural constraints. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.184.8 Charging levels.

“Charging levels” means the standardized indicators of electrical force, or voltage, at which an electric vehicle’s battery is recharged. The terms 1, 2, and 3 are the most common EV charging levels, and include the following specifications:

(1) Level 1 is considered slow charging.

(2) Level 2 is considered medium charging.

(3) Level 3 is considered fast or rapid charging. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.185 Church, synagogue or temple.

“Church, synagogue or temple” means a place where religious services are conducted, including those uses located in SIC Industry No. 866 and including accessory uses in the primary or accessory buildings such as religious education, reading rooms, assembly rooms, and residences for nuns and clergy. This definition does not include facilities for training of religious orders. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.185))

18.20.190 Classrooms, school.

“Classrooms, school” means educational facilities of the district required to house students for its basic educational program. The classrooms are those facilities the district determines are necessary to best serve its student population. Specialized facilities as identified by the district, including but not limited to gymnasiums, cafeterias, libraries, administrative offices, and child care centers, shall not be counted as classrooms. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.190))

18.20.195 Clearing.

“Clearing” means cutting, killing, grubbing or removing vegetation or other organic plant material by physical, mechanical, chemical or any other similar means. For the purpose of this definition of “clearing,” “cutting” means the severing of the main trunk or stem of woody vegetation at any point. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.195))

18.20.205 Cogeneration.

“Cogeneration” means the sequential generation of energy and useful heat from the same primary source or fuel for industrial, commercial, or residential heating or cooling purposes. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.205))

18.20.207 Commercial recreation.

“Commercial recreation” means any recreational activity whose main purpose is to provide the general public with indoor or outdoor amusement or entertainment activities, tickets are sold or fees collected, and the sale or consumption of alcoholic beverages is not permitted. This includes, but is not limited to, skating rinks, pool halls, water slides, miniature golf courses, arcades, bowling alleys, go-carts, batting cages, laser tag, concessions, skate park, basketball, street hockey, etc. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.207))

18.20.210 Communication facility, major.

“Major communication facility” means a communication facility for transmission and reception of:

(1) UHF and VHF television signals; or

(2) FM or AM radio signals. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.210))

18.20.215 Communication facility, minor.

“Minor communication facility” means a communication facility for transmission and reception of:

(1) Two-way and/or citizen band (CB) radio signals;

(2) Point-to-point microwave signals;

(3) Cellular radio signals;

(4) Signals through FM radio translators; or

(5) Signals through FM radio boosters under 10 watts effective radiated power (ERP). (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.215))

18.20.217 Community identification sign.

“Community identification sign” means a sign identifying the location of a community or geographic area such as unincorporated activity centers or rural towns designated by the comprehensive plan or communities recognized and delineated by a recognized unincorporated area Council. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.217))

18.20.220 Community residential facility (CRF).

“Community residential facility (CRF)” means living quarters meeting applicable Federal and State standards that function as a single housekeeping unit and provide supportive services, including but not limited to counseling, rehabilitation and medical supervision, excluding drug and alcohol detoxification which is classified in CMC 18.25.050 as health services. CRFs are further classified as follows:

(1) CRF-I: means nine to 10 residents and staff;

(2) CRF-II: 11 or more residents and staff.

If staffed by nonresident staff, each 24 staff hours per day equals one full-time residing staff member for purposes of subclassifying CRFs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.220))

18.20.223 Commuter parking lot.

“Commuter parking lot” means vehicle parking specifically for the purpose of access to a public transit system or for users of carpools or vanpools. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.223))

18.20.225 Compensatory storage.

“Compensatory storage” means new, excavated storage volume equivalent to any flood storage which is eliminated by building filling or grading within the floodplain. For the purpose of this definition, equivalent flood storage capacity is that which is replaced by equal volume between corresponding one-foot contour intervals which are hydraulically connected to the floodway through their entire depth. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.225))

18.20.230 Conditional use permit.

“Conditional use permit” means a permit granted by the City to locate a permitted use on a particular property subject to conditions placed on the permitted use to ensure compatibility with nearby land uses. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.230))

18.20.235 Conference center.

“Conference center” means an establishment developed primarily as a meeting facility, including only facilities for recreation, overnight lodging, and related activities provided for conference participants. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.235))

18.20.240 Confinement area.

“Confinement area” is any open land area in which livestock are kept where the forage does not meet the definition of a grazing area. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.240))

18.20.245 Consolidation.

“Consolidation” means the relocation to a consolidated transmission structure of the main transmit antennas of two or more FCC broadcast licensees which prior to such relocation utilized transmission structures located within a 1,500-foot radius of the center of the consolidated transmission structure to support their main transmit antennas. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.245))

18.20.247 Construction and trades.

“Construction and trades” means establishments that provide services related to construction of buildings and infrastructure, and other improvements to property. Such establishments include, SIC Major Group Nos. 15 through 17, and SIC Industry Group No. 078 – Landscape and horticultural services. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.247))

18.20.250 Construction cost per student, school.

“Construction cost per student, school” means the estimated cost of construction of a permanent school facility in the district for the grade span of school to be provided, as a function of the district’s facilities standard per grade span and taking into account the requirements of students with special needs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.250))

18.20.252 Conversion factor.

“Conversion factor” means a number that converts the water budget allowance from acre-inches per acre per year to gallons per square foot per year or cubic feet per year. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.252))

18.20.252.3 Cornice.

“Cornice” means the molded and projecting horizontal member that crowns an architectural composition. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.252.5 Craft sales.

“Craft sales” means the sale of art and craft items crafted by the artist or crafter with his or her own hands, and sold directly by the artist or crafter. Such items do not include commercial kits, molds, patterns, plans, prefabricated forms, or mass-produced items. Craft sales shall be accessory to farmers’ and public markets; provided, that the items are produced in the State of Washington. (Ord. 09-09 § 3)

18.20.253 Critical aquifer recharge area.

“Critical aquifer recharge area” means an area designated on the critical aquifer recharge area map adopted by CMC 13.37.020 that has a high susceptibility to ground water contamination or an area of medium susceptibility to ground water contamination that is located within a sole source aquifer or within an area approved in accordance with Chapter 246-290 WAC as a wellhead protection area for a municipal or district drinking water system, or an area over a sole source aquifer for a private potable water well in compliance with Department of Ecology and Public Health standards. Susceptibility to ground water contamination occurs where there is a combination of permeable soils, permeable subsurface geology and ground water close to the ground surface. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.254 Critical area.

“Critical area” means any area that is subject to natural hazards or a land feature that supports unique, fragile or valuable natural resources including fish, wildlife or other organisms or their habitats or such resources that carry, hold or purify water in their natural state. “Critical area” includes the following areas:

(1) Aquatic areas;

(2) Critical aquifer recharge area;

(3) Erosion hazard areas;

(4) Flood hazard areas;

(5) Landslide hazard areas;

(6) Steep slope hazard areas;

(7) Wetlands; and

(8) Wildlife habitat conservation areas. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.255 Critical drainage area.

“Critical drainage area” means an area which has been formally determined by the City of Covington Surface Water Management Department to require more restrictive regulation than County-wide standards afford in order to mitigate severe flooding, drainage, erosion or sedimentation problems which result from the cumulative impacts of development and urbanization. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.255))

18.20.260 Critical facility.

Repealed by Ord. 10-10. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 06-05 § 1; Ord. 23-04 § 9; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.260))

18.20.262 Daily care.

“Daily care” means medical procedures, monitoring and attention that are necessarily provided at the residence of the patient by the primary provider of daily care on a 24-hour basis. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.262))

18.20.265 Day care.

“Day care” means an establishment for group care of nonresident adults or children.

(1) Day care shall include only SIC Industry No. 835 – Child day care services, SIC Industry No. 8322 – Adult day care centers, and the following:

(a) Adult day care, such as adult day health centers or social day care as defined by the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services;

(b) Nursery schools for children under minimum age for education in public schools;

(d) Programs covering after-school care for school children.

(2) Day care establishments are subclassified as follows:

(a) Day care I – a maximum of 12 adults or children in any 24-hour period; and

(b) Day care II – over 12 adults or children in any 24-hour period. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.265))

18.20.270 Deciduous.

“Deciduous” means a plant species with foliage that is shed annually. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.270))

18.20.275 Density credit, transfer (TDC).

“Density credit, transfer (TDC)” means the ability to transfer potentially buildable dwelling units from an eligible sending site to an eligible receiving site as provided in this code. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.275))

18.20.280 Department.

“Department” means the City of Covington Department of Community Development, Public Works or its successor agency. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.280))

18.20.285 Department and variety store.

“Department and variety store” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of a variety of lines of merchandise, such as dry goods, apparel and accessories, home furnishings, housewares, including only uses located in SIC Major Group and Industry Nos.:

(1) 53 – General merchandise;

(2) 5947 – Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops; and

(3) 5948 – Luggage and leather goods stores. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.285))

18.20.290 Destination resort.

“Destination resort” means an establishment for resource-based recreation and intended to utilize outdoor recreational opportunities, including related services, such as food, overnight lodging, equipment rentals, entertainment and other conveniences for guests of the resort. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.290))

18.20.295 Developer or applicant.

“Developer” or “applicant” means the person or entity who owns or holds purchase options or other development control over property for which development activity is proposed. (See Applicant, CMC 18.20.070.) (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.295))

18.20.300 Development activity.

“Development activity” means any residential construction or expansion of a building, structure or use, any change in use of a building or structure, or any change in the use of land that creates additional demand on public infrastructure. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.300))

18.20.305 Development agreement.

“Development agreement” means a recorded agreement between an applicant and City of Covington which incorporates the site plans, development standards, and/or other features of a development proposal. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.305))

18.20.310 Development proposal.

“Development proposal” means any activities requiring a permit or other approval from the City of Covington relative to the use or development of land. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.310))

18.20.315 Development proposal site.

“Development proposal site” means the legal boundaries of the parcel or parcels of land for which an applicant has or should have applied for authority from City of Covington to carry out a development proposal. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.315))

18.20.320 Direct traffic impact.

“Direct traffic impact” means any increase in vehicle traffic generated by a proposed development, which results in additional daily vehicle trips on any roadway or intersection. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.320))

18.20.325 Director.

“Director” means the Director of City of Covington Department of Community Development, or his or her designee. (Amended at request of department 2/08; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.325))

18.20.327 Ditch.

“Ditch” means an artificial open channel used or constructed for the purpose of conveying water. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.329 Dormer.

“Dormer” means a structural element of a building that protrudes from the plane of a sloping roof surface. Dormers are used, either in original construction or as later additions, to create usable space in the roof of a building by adding headroom and usually also by enabling addition of windows. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.330 Dormitory.

“Dormitory” means a residential building that provides sleeping quarters, but not separate dwelling units, and may include common dining, cooking and recreation or bathing facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.330))

18.20.331 Draft flood boundary work map.

“Draft flood boundary work map” means a floodplain map prepared by a mapping partner, reflecting the results of a flood study or other floodplain mapping analysis. The draft flood boundary work map depicts floodplain boundaries, regulatory floodway boundaries, base flood elevations and flood cross sections, and provides the basis for the presentation of this information on a preliminary flood insurance rate map or flood insurance rate map. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.332 Drainage basin.

“Drainage basin” means a drainage area that drains to the Green River or other drainage area that drains directly to Puget Sound. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.333 Drainage facility.

“Drainage facility” means a feature, constructed or engineered for the primary purpose of providing drainage, that collects, conveys, stores or treats surface water. A drainage facility may include, but is not limited to, a stream, pipeline, channel, ditch, gutter, lake, wetland, closed depression, flow control or water quality treatment facility and erosion and sediment control facility. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.334 Drainage sub-basin.

“Drainage sub-basin” means a drainage area identified as a drainage sub-basin in a City approved basin plan or, if not identified, a drainage area that drains to a body of water that is named and mapped and contained within a drainage basin. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.334.3 Drive-through.

“Drive-through” means any use that provides goods and services using a window or microphone while customers remain in their vehicle. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C)

18.20.335 Drop box facility.

“Drop box facility” means a facility used for receiving solid waste and recyclable from off-site sources into detachable solid waste containers, including the adjacent areas necessary for entrance and exit roads, unloading and vehicle turnaround areas. Drop box facilities normally service the general public with loose loads and may also include containers for separated recyclable. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.335))

18.20.340 Drug store.

“Drug store” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of prescription drugs, nonprescription medicines, cosmetics and related supplies, including only uses located in SIC Industry Group and Industry Nos.:

(1) 591 – Drug stores and proprietary stores;

(2) 5993 – Tobacco stores and stands; and

(3) 5999 – Cosmetics stores. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.340))

18.20.345 Dwelling unit.

“Dwelling unit” means one or more rooms designed for occupancy by a person or family for living and sleeping purposes, containing kitchen facilities and rooms with internal accessibility, for use solely by the dwelling’s occupants; dwelling units include but are not limited to bachelor, efficiency and studio apartments, factory-built housing and mobile homes. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.345))

18.20.350 Dwelling unit, accessory.

“Dwelling unit, accessory” means a separate, complete dwelling unit attached to or contained within the structure of the primary dwelling, or contained within a separate structure that is accessory to the primary dwelling unit on the premises. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.350))

18.20.355 Dwelling unit, multifamily.

“Dwelling unit, multifamily” means a dwelling unit contained in a building consisting of two or more dwelling units which may be stacked, or one or more dwellings included in a structure with nonresidential uses. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.355))

18.20.365 Dwelling unit, single-family attached.

“Dwelling unit, single-family attached” means a building containing one dwelling unit that occupies space from the ground to the roof, and is attached to one or more other dwelling units by common walls. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.370). Formerly 18.20.370)

18.20.370 Dwelling unit, single-family detached.

“Dwelling unit, single-family detached” means a detached building containing one dwelling unit. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.365). Formerly 18.20.365)

18.20.375 Earth station.

“Earth station” means a communication facility which transmits and/or receives signals to and from an orbiting satellite using satellite dish antennas. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.375))

18.20.377 Ecosystem.

“Ecosystem” means the complex of a community of organisms and its environment functioning as an ecological unit. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.380 Effective radiated power.

“Effective radiated power” means the product of the antenna power input and the numerical antenna power gain. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.380))

18.20.385 Electric scooters and motorcycles.

“Electric scooters and motorcycles” means any two-wheel vehicle that operates exclusively on electrical energy from an off-board source that is stored in the vehicle’s batteries and produces zero emissions or pollution when stationary or operating. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.385.3 Electric vehicle.

“Electric vehicle” means any vehicle that operates, either partially or exclusively, on electrical energy from the grid, or an off-board source, that is stored on-board for motive purpose. “Electric vehicle” includes: (1) a battery electric vehicle; (2) a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; (3) a neighborhood electric vehicle; and (4) a medium-speed electric vehicle. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.385.6 Electric vehicle charging station.

“Electric vehicle charging station” means a public or private parking space that is served by battery charging station equipment that has as its primary purpose the transfer of electric energy (by conductive or inductive means) to a battery or other energy storage device in an electric vehicle. An electric vehicle charging station equipped with Level 1 or Level 2 charging equipment is permitted outright as an accessory use to any principal use. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.385.9 Electric vehicle charging station – Restricted.

“Electric vehicle charging station – restricted” means an electric vehicle charging station that is (1) privately owned and restricted access (e.g., single-family home, executive parking, designated employee parking) or (2) publicly owned and restricted (e.g., fleet parking with no access to the general public). (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.385.12 Electric vehicle charging station – Public.

“Electric vehicle charging station – public” means an electric vehicle charging station that is (1) publicly owned and publicly available (e.g., park and ride parking, public library parking lot, on-street parking) or (2) privately owned and publicly available (e.g., shopping center parking, non-reserved parking in multifamily parking lots). (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.385.15 Electric vehicle infrastructure.

“Electric vehicle infrastructure” means structures, machinery, and equipment necessary and integral to support an electric vehicle, including battery charging stations, rapid charging stations, and battery exchange stations. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.385.18 Electric vehicle parking space.

“Electric vehicle parking space” means any marked parking space that identifies the use to be exclusively for the parking of an electric vehicle. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.390 Electrical substation.

“Electrical substation” means a site containing equipment for the conversion of high voltage electrical power transported through transmission lines into lower voltages transported through distribution lines and suitable for individual users. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.390))

18.20.392 Emergency.

“Emergency” means an occurrence during which there is imminent danger to the public health, safety and welfare, or that poses an imminent risk of property damage or personal injury or death as a result of a natural or human-made catastrophe, as determined by the Director. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.392))

18.20.393 Emergency care facility.

“Emergency care facility” means any facility providing 24-hour emergency medical care. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.395 Energy resource recovery facility.

“Energy resource recovery facility” means an establishment for recovery of energy in a usable form from mass burning or refuse-derived fuel incineration, pyrolysis or any other means of using the heat of combustion of solid waste. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.395))

18.20.397 Engineer, civil, geotechnical and structural.

“Engineer, civil, geotechnical and structural” means:

(1) “Civil engineer” means an engineer who is licensed as a professional engineer in the branch of civil engineering by the State of Washington under Chapter 18.43 RCW;

(2) “Engineering geologist” means a licensed professional by the State of Washington meeting the requirements of Chapter 18.220 RCW; and

(3) “Structural engineer” means an engineer who is licensed as a professional engineer in the branch of structural engineering by the State of Washington under Chapter 18.43 RCW. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.400 Enhancement.

“Enhancement” means for the purposes of critical area regulation, an action that improves the processes, structure and functions of ecosystems and habitats associated with critical areas or their buffers. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.400))

18.20.405 Equipment, heavy.

“Equipment, heavy” means high-capacity mechanical devices for moving earth or other materials, and mobile power units including, but not limited to:

(1) Carryalls;

(2) Graders;

(3) Loading and unloading devices;

(4) Cranes;

(5) Drag lines;

(6) Trench diggers;

(7) Tractors;

(8) Augers;

(9) Bulldozers;

(10) Concrete mixers and conveyers;

(11) Harvesters;

(12) Combines; or

(13) Other major agricultural equipment and similar devices operated by mechanical power as distinguished from manpower. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.405))

18.20.410 Erosion.

“Erosion” means the wearing away of the ground surface as the result of the movement of wind, water or ice. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.410))

18.20.415 Erosion hazard area.

“Erosion hazard area” means an area underlain by soils that is subject to severe erosion when disturbed. These soils include, but are not limited to, those classified as having a severe to very severe erosion hazard according to the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service, the 1973 King County Soils Survey or any subsequent revisions or addition by or to these sources such as any occurrence of river wash (“Rh”) and any of the following when the soils occur on slopes inclined at 15 percent or more:

(1) The Alderwood gravelly sandy loam (“AgD”);

(2) The Alderwood and Kitsap soils (“AkF”);

(3) The Beausite gravelly sandy loam (“BeD” and “BeF”);

(4) The Kitsap silt loam (“KpD”);

(5) The Ovall gravelly loam (“OvD” and “OvF”);

(6) The Ragnar fine sandy loam (“RaD”); and

(7) The Ragnar-Indianola Association (“RdE”). (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.415))

18.20.418 Essential public facility.

“Essential public facility” means a facility necessary to protect the public health, safety and welfare, including, but not limited to, a facility defined under the occupancy categories of “essential facilities,” “hazardous facilities,” “critical facilities” and “special occupancy structures” in the structural forces chapter or succeeding chapter in CMC Title 15. Critical facilities also include nursing and personal care facilities, schools, senior citizen assisted housing, public roadway bridges and sites that produce, use or store hazardous substances or hazardous waste, not including the temporary storage of consumer products containing hazardous substances or hazardous waste intended for household use or for retail sale on the site. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.420 Evergreen.

“Evergreen” means a plant species with foliage that persists and remains green year-round. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.420))

18.20.425 Examiner.

“Examiner” means the Hearing Examiner as established by Chapter 2.25 CMC. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.425))

18.20.427 Expansion.

“Expansion” means the act or process of increasing the size, quantity or scope. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.430 Fabric shop.

“Fabric shop” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of sewing supplies and accessories, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 5949 – Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores; and

(2) Awning shops, banner shops, and flag shops found in 5999. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.430))

18.20.433 Facade.

“Facade” means the portion of any exterior elevation of the building extending from grade to the top of the parapet, wall or eaves and extending the entire length of the building. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.435 Facilities standard.

“Facilities standard” means the space required by grade span, and taking into account the requirements of students with special needs, which is needed in order to fulfill the educational goals of the school district as identified in the district’s capital facilities plan. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.435))

18.20.440 Factory-built commercial building.

“Factory-built commercial building” means any structure that is either entirely or substantially prefabricated or assembled at a place other than a building site; and designed or used for nonresidential human occupancy. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.440))

18.20.445 Fairground.

“Fairground” means a site permanently designated and improved for holding a County fair, as provided in Chapters 15.76 and 36.37 RCW, or for holding similar events, including, but not limited to:

(1) Carnivals;

(2) Circuses;

(3) Expositions;

(4) Animal shows; and

(5) Exhibitions and/or demonstrations of farm and home products with accompanying entertainment and amusements. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.445))

18.20.450 Family.

“Family” means an individual; two or more persons related by blood or marriage; a group of two or more disabled residents protected under the Federal Housing Act Amendments, who are not related by blood or marriage, living together as a single housekeeping unit; a group of eight or fewer residents, who are not related by blood or marriage, living together as a single housekeeping unit; or a group living arrangement where eight or fewer residents receive supportive services such as counseling, foster care, or medical supervision at the dwelling unit by resident or nonresident staff. For purposes of this definition, minors living with parent shall not be counted as part of the maximum number of residents. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.450))

18.20.451.5 Farmers’ market.

“Farmers’ market” means a site where farmers sell locally grown, produced, caught, or gathered fruits, vegetables, herbs, nuts, honey, dairy products, eggs, poultry, mushrooms, meats, fish, flowers, nursery stock, and plants. One hundred percent of the items for sale under this definition must be grown, produced, caught, or gathered in the State of Washington. Up to 30 percent of a farmers’ market’s total number of vendor spaces may consist of resellers and/or accessory uses. (Ord. 09-09 § 3)

18.20.452 Feasible.

“Feasible” means capable of being done or accomplished. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.455 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) floodway.

“Federal Emergency Management Agency floodway” means the channel of the stream and that portion of the adjoining floodplain that is necessary to contain and discharge the base flood flow without increasing the base flood elevation more than one foot. (Ord. 14-05 § 3 [18.20.462]; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.455))

18.20.460 Feed store.

“Feed store” means an establishment engaged in retail sale of supplies directly related to the day to day activities of agricultural production. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.460))

18.20.461 Federal Emergency Management Agency.

“Federal Emergency Management Agency” means the independent Federal agency that, among other responsibilities, oversees the administration of the National Flood Insurance Program. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.463 Fen.

“Fen” means a wetland that receives some drainage from surrounding mineral soil and includes peat formed mainly from Carex and marsh-like vegetation. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.465 Fence.

“Fence” means a barrier for the purpose of enclosing space or separating lots, composed of:

(1) Masonry or concrete walls, excluding retaining walls; or

(2) Wood, metal or concrete posts connected by boards, rails, panels, wire or mesh. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.465))

18.20.467 Financial guarantee.

“Financial guarantee” means a form of financial security posted to ensure timely and proper completion of improvements, to ensure compliance with the City of Covington Municipal Code, and/or to warranty materials, workmanship of improvements, and design. Financial guarantees include assignments of funds, cash deposit, and surety bonds, and or other forms of financial security acceptable to the Director. For the purposes of this title, the terms performance guarantee, maintenance guarantee, and defect guarantee are considered subcategories of financial guarantee. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.467))

18.20.470 Flood fringe, zero-rise.

“Zero-rise flood fringe” means that portion of the floodplain outside of the zero-rise floodway. The zero-rise flood fringe is generally associated with standing water rather than rapidly flowing water. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.470))

18.20.475 Flood hazard area.

“Flood hazard area” means any area subject to inundation by the base flood or risk from channel migration including, but not limited to, an aquatic area, wetland or closed depression. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.475))

18.20.477 Flood hazard boundary map.

“Flood hazard boundary map” means the initial insurance map issued by FEMA that identifies, based on approximate analyses, the areas of the one percent annual chance, 100-year, flood hazard within the community. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.478 Flood hazard data.

“Flood hazard data” means data or any combination of data available from Federal, State or other sources including, but not limited to, maps, critical area studies, reports, historical flood hazard information, channel migration zone maps or studies or other related engineering and technical data that identify floodplain boundaries, regulatory floodway boundaries, base flood elevations, or flood cross sections. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.480 Flood insurance rate map.

“Flood insurance rate map” means the insurance and floodplain management map produced by FEMA that identifies, based on detailed or approximate analysis, the areas subject to flooding during the base flood. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.480))

18.20.485 Flood insurance study for Covington.

“Flood insurance study for Covington” means the official report provided by FEMA that includes flood profiles and the flood insurance rate map. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.485))

18.20.490 Flood protection elevation.

“Flood protection elevation” means an elevation that is one foot above the base flood elevation. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.490))

18.20.492 Flood protection facility.

“Flood protection facility” means a structure that provides protection from flood damage. Flood protection facility includes, but is not limited to, the following structures and supporting infrastructure:

(1) Dams or water diversions, regardless of primary purpose, if the facility provides flood protection benefits;

(2) Flood containment facilities such as levees, dikes, berms, walls and raised banks, including pump stations and other supporting structures; and

(3) Bank stabilization structures, often called revetments. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.495 Floodplain.

“Floodplain” means the total area subject to inundation by the base flood. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.495))

18.20.500 Floodproofing, dry.

“Dry floodproofing” means adaptations that make a structure that is below the flood protection elevation watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water and with structural components capable of and with sufficient strength to resist hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads including buoyancy. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.500))

18.20.505 Floodway, zero-rise.

“Zero-rise floodway” means the channel of a stream and that portion of the adjoining floodplain that is necessary to contain and discharge the base flood flow without any measurable increase in base flood elevation.

(1) For the purpose of this definition, “measurable increase in base flood elevation” means a calculated upward rise in the base flood elevation, equal to or greater than 0.01 feet, resulting from a comparison of existing conditions and changed conditions directly attributable to alterations of the topography or any other flow obstructions in the floodplain. “Zero-rise floodway” is broader than that of the FEMA floodway but always includes the FEMA floodway.

(2) “Zero-rise floodway” includes the entire floodplain unless a critical areas report demonstrates otherwise. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.505))

18.20.507 Floor area ratio (FAR).

“Floor area ratio (FAR)” means the gross floor area of all buildings permitted on a lot divided by the area of the lot. The permitted building floor area is calculated by multiplying the maximum FAR specified by the zoning district by the total area of the parcel. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.510 Florist shop.

“Florist shop” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of flowers and plants, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 5992 – Florists; and

(2) 5999 – Artificial flowers. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.510))

18.20.512 Footprint.

“Footprint” means the area encompassed by the foundation of a structure including building overhangs if the overhangs do not extend more than 18 inches beyond the foundation and excluding uncovered decks. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.513 Footprint, development.

“Footprint, development” means the area encompassed by the foundations of all structures including paved and impervious surfaces. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.515 Forest land.

“Forest land” means land devoted primarily to growing and harvesting forest and timber products and designated as a forest production district by the City of Covington comprehensive plan. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.515))

18.20.520 Forest practice.

“Forest practice” means any forest practice as defined in RCW 79.06.020. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.520))

18.20.521 Forest practice, Class IV-G nonconversion.

“Forest practice, Class IV-G nonconversion” means a Class IV general forest practice, as defined in WAC 222-16-050, on a parcel for which there is a City-approved long-term forest management plan. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.525 Forest product sales.

“Forest product sales” means the sale of goods produced, extracted, consumed, gathered or harvested from a forest including, but not limited to:

(1) Trees;

(2) Wood chips;

(3) Logs;

(4) Fuel wood;

(5) Cones;

(6) Christmas trees;

(7) Berries;

(8) Herbs; or

(9) Mushrooms. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.525))

18.20.530 Forest research.

“Forest research” means the performance of scientific studies relating to botany, hydrology, silviculture, biology and other branches of science in relation to management of forest lands, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 8731 – Commercial physical and biological research;

(2) 8733 – Noncommercial research organizations; and

(3) 8734 – Testing laboratories. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.530))

18.20.532 Fully accessible.

“Fully accessible” means a building, structure or facility (public or private) that is in compliance with the Federal provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act, including the supplemental Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.533))

18.20.533 Fully contained community (FCC).

“Fully contained community (FCC)” means a site-specific development project consisting of conceptual site plan(s), development standards, processing and other elements, and which is consistent with the criteria provided in RCW 36.70A.350. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.533))

18.20.535 Furniture and home furnishings store.

“Furniture and home furnishings store” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of household furniture and furnishings for the home, including only uses located in SIC Major Group and Industry Nos.:

(1) 57 – Home furniture, furnishings, and equipment stores, except Industry Group No. 573; and

(2) Baby carriages, cake decorating supplies, hot tubs, picture frames (ready-made), swimming pools (above-ground, not site-built), telephone stores and typewriter stores found in 5999. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.535))

18.20.536 Gable roof.

“Gable roof” means a double sloping roof with a ridge and a triangular wall section, i.e., a gable, at each end bounded by the two roof slopes. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.537 Gambling.

“Gambling” means staking or risking something of value upon the outcome of a contest of chance or a future contingent event not under the person’s control or influence, upon an agreement or understanding that the person or someone else will receive something of value in the event of a certain outcome. Gambling does not include fishing derbies as defined by State law, pari-mutuel betting as authorized by Chapter 67.16 RCW, bona fide business transactions valid under the law of contracts including, but not limited to, contracts for the purchase or sale at a future date of securities or commodities, and agreements to compensate for loss caused by the happening of chance including, but not limited to, contracts of indemnity or guarantee and life, health, or accident insurance. In addition, a contest of chance which is specifically excluded from the definition of lottery under this chapter shall not constitute gambling. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.537))

18.20.540 General business service.

“General business service” means an establishment engaged in providing services to businesses or individuals, with no outdoor storage or fabrication, including only uses located in SIC Major Group Nos.:

(1) 60 – Depository institutions;

(2) 61 – Nondepository credit institutions;

(3) 62 – Security and commodity brokers, dealers, exchanges, and services;

(4) 63 – Insurance carriers;

(5) 65 – Real estate, except 653 (real estate agents and directors);

(6) 67 – Holding and other investment offices;

(7) 7299 – Miscellaneous personal services, not elsewhere classified;

(8) 73 – Business services, except Industry Group and Industry Nos.:

(a) 7312 – Outdoor advertising services; and

(9) 86 – Membership organizations, including administrative offices of organized religions found in 8661, but excluding churches and places of worship. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.540))

18.20.545 Geologist.

“Geologist” means a person who holds a current license from the Washington State Geologist Licensing Board. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.545))

18.20.550 Geotechnical engineer.

“Geotechnical engineer” means a practicing geotechnical/civil engineer licensed as a professional civil engineer by the State of Washington who has at least four years of professional employment as a geotechnical engineer. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.550))

18.20.555 Golf course facility.

“Golf course facility” means a recreational facility, under public or private ownership, designed and developed for golf activities with accessory uses including, but not limited to:

(1) A driving range;

(2) Miniature golf;

(3) Pro shops;

(4) Caddyshack buildings;

(5) Swimming pools, tennis courts and other related recreational facilities;

(6) Restaurants;

(7) Office and meeting rooms; and

(8) Related storage facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.555))

18.20.556 Government services.

“Government services” means a use or facility of any unit of government that provides a direct service to people. This definition excludes jails, parks, transit centers, park and rides, utility yards, sewage treatment plants, schools, golf courses and airports. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.557 Grade.

“Grade” means the elevation of the ground surface.

“Existing grade,” “finish grade” and “rough grade” are defined as follows:

(1) “Existing grade” means the grade before grading;

(2) “Finish grade” means the final grade of the site that conforms to the approved plan; and

(3) “Rough grade” means the grade that approximately conforms to the approved plan. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.560 Grade span.

“Grade span” means the categories into which a district groups its grades of students; i.e., elementary, middle or junior high school, and high school. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.560))

18.20.565 Grading.

“Grading” means any excavation, filling, removing the duff layer or any combination thereof. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.565))

18.20.570 Grazing area.

“Grazing area” means any open land area used to pasture livestock in which suitable forage is maintained over 80 percent of the area at all times of the year. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.570))

18.20.575 Ground cover.

“Ground cover” means living plants designed to grow low to the ground (generally one foot or less) and intended to stabilize soils and protect against erosion. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.575))

18.20.576 Group assembly.

“Group assembly” means any facility that provides for the regular assembly of individuals for entertainment or social purposes. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.577 Habitat.

“Habitat” means the locality, site and particular type of environment occupied by an organism at any stage in its life cycle. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.578 Habitat, fish.

“Habitat, fish” means habitat that is used by fish at any life stage at any time of the year including potential habitat likely to be used by fish. “Fish habitat” includes habitat that is upstream of, or landward of, human-made barriers that could be accessible to, and could be used by, fish upon removal of the barriers. This includes off-channel habitat, flood refuges, channels, streams and wetlands. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.580 Hazardous household substance.

“Hazardous household substance” means a substance as defined in RCW 70.105.010. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.580))

18.20.582 Hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipeline.

“Hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipeline” means hazardous liquid and gas transmission pipelines as defined by RCW 81.88.040 and WAC 480-93-005. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.582))

18.20.585 Hazardous substance.

“Hazardous substance” means a substance as defined in RCW 70.105.010. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.585))

18.20.590 Heavy equipment and truck repair.

“Heavy equipment and truck repair” means the repair and maintenance of self-powered, self-propelled or towed mechanical devices, equipment and vehicles used for commercial purposes, such as tandem axle trucks, graders, backhoes, tractor trailers, cranes, lifts, but excluding automobiles and pick-up trucks under 10,000 pounds, recreational vehicles, boats and their trailers. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.590))

18.20.595 Helistop.

“Helistop” means an area on a roof or on the ground used for the takeoff and landing of helicopters for the purpose of loading or unloading passengers or cargo but not including fueling service, hangers, maintenance or overhaul facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.595))

18.20.596 Hip roof.

“Hip roof” means a roof that slopes down to the eaves on all four sides without gables. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.597 Historic resource.

“Historic resource” means a district, site, building, structure or object significant in national, State or local history, architecture, archaeology, and culture. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.597))

18.20.598 Historic resource inventory.

“Historic resource inventory” means an organized compilation of information on historic resources considered to be potentially significant according to the criteria listed in CMC 18.47.040(1). The historic resource inventory is kept on file by the historic preservation officer and is updated from time to time to include newly eligible resources and to reflect changes to resources. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.598))

18.20.599 Historical flood hazard information.

“Historical flood hazard information” means information that identifies floodplain boundaries, regulatory floodway boundaries, base flood elevations, or flood cross-sections including, but not limited to, photos, video recordings, high water marks, survey information or news agency reports. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.600 Hobby, toy, and game shop.

“Hobby, toy, and game shop” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of toys, games, hobby and craft kits, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 5945 – Hobby, toy and game shops; and

(2) 5999 – Autograph and philatelist supply stores, coin shops, and stamps, philatelist-retail (except mail order). (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.600))

18.20.605 Home industry.

“Home industry” means a limited-scale sales, service or fabrication activity undertaken for financial gain, which occurs in a dwelling unit or residential accessory building, or in a barn or other resource accessory building and is subordinate to the primary use of the site as a residence. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.605))

18.20.610 Home occupation.

“Home occupation” means a limited-scale service or fabrication activity undertaken for financial gain, which occurs in a dwelling unit or accessory building and is subordinate to the primary use of the site as a residence. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.610))

18.20.611 Hospital.

“Hospital” means a building designed and used for medical or surgical diagnosis, treatment and housing of persons under the care of doctors and nurses and including ancillary uses such as cafeterias, florists and patient- and visitor-related services. Rest homes, nursing homes, convalescent homes and clinics are not included. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.615 Household pets.

“Household pets” means small animals that are kept within a dwelling unit. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.615))

18.20.620 Hydroelectric generation facility.

“Hydroelectric generation facility” means an establishment for the generation of electricity using water sources. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.620))

18.20.621 Impact fee.

“Impact fee” means a payment of money authorized by State law and this code to be imposed upon development as a condition of development approval to pay for public facilities needed to serve new growth and development. Impact fees include, but are not limited to, transportation impact fees, park mitigation payment fees (fee-in-lieu of) and school impact fees. “Impact fees” do not include fees imposed to cover the costs of processing applications, inspecting and reviewing plans or other information required to be submitted for purpose of evaluation of an application, or inspecting or monitoring development activity. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 20-07 § 66; Ord. 43-02 § 2 (27.04.025). Formerly 14.55.090)

18.20.622 Impacts.

“Impacts” means the effects or consequences of actions. “Environmental impacts” are effects upon the elements of the environment listed in WAC 197-11-444. (Ord. 20-07 § 113; Ord. 14-05 § 3. Formerly 18.20.621)

18.20.625 Impervious surface.

“Impervious surface” means a nonvertical surface artificially covered or hardened so as to prevent or impede the percolation of water into the soil mantle at natural infiltration rates including, but not limited to, roofs, swimming pools and areas that are paved, graveled or made of packed or oiled earthen materials such as roads, walkways or parking areas. “Impervious surface” does not include landscaping and surface water flow control and water quality treatment facilities. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.625))

18.20.627 Impoundment.

“Impoundment” means a body of water collected in a reservoir, pond or dam or collected as a consequence of natural disturbance events. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.630 Improved public roadways.

“Improved public roadways” means public road rights-of-way that have been improved with at least two travel lanes and are maintained by either City of Covington or the State of Washington. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.630))

18.20.635 Individual transportation and taxi.

“Individual transportation and taxi” means an establishment engaged in furnishing individual or small group transportation by motor vehicle, including only uses located in SIC Industry Group and Industry Nos.:

(1) 412 – Taxicabs; and

(2) 4119 – Local passenger transportation, not elsewhere classified. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.635))

18.20.636 Industrial, light.

“Industrial, light” means any use engaged in small-scale production, manufacturing, fabrication or distribution, and considered less intensive because such uses do not result in noise, odor, toxic chemicals or other activities posing a hazard to public health and safety. May also include supporting office and retail activities. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.637 Infiltration rate.

“Infiltration rate” means the rate of water entry into the soil expressed in inches per hour. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.637))

18.20.638 Instream structure.

“Instream structure” means anything placed or constructed below the ordinary high water mark, including, but not limited to, weirs, culverts, fill and natural materials and excluding dikes, levees, revetments and other bank stabilization facilities. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.640 Interim recycling facility.

“Interim recycling facility” means a site or establishment engaged in collection or treatment of recyclable materials, which is not the final disposal site, and including:

(1) Drop boxes;

(2) Source-separated, organic waste processing facilities; and

(3) Collection, separation and shipment of glass, metal, paper or other recyclables. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.640))

18.20.641 Interlocal agreement.

“Interlocal agreement,” for purposes of Chapter 18.75 CMC, means any agreement between the City and the County or any municipal utility district or school district or any other City or governmental agency. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.641))

18.20.641.5 Invasive vegetation.

“Invasive vegetation” means a plant species listed as obnoxious weeds on the noxious weed list adopted King County or State of Washington. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.642 Irrigation efficiency.

“Irrigation efficiency” means is the coefficient of the amount of water beneficially used divided by the amount of water applied. This coefficient is derived from actual measurements and an evaluation of the general characteristics of the type of irrigation system and management practices proposed. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.642))

18.20.645 Jail.

“Jail” means a facility operated by a governmental agency; designed, staffed and used for the incarceration of persons for the purposes of punishment, correction and rehabilitation following conviction of an offense. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.645))

18.20.650 Jail farm.

“Jail farm” means a farm or camp on which persons convicted of minor law violations are confined and participate in agriculture and other work activities of the facility. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.650))

18.20.655 Jewelry store.

“Jewelry store” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of a variety of jewelry products, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 5944 – Jewelry stores; and

(2) Gem stones and rock specimens found in 5999. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.655))

18.20.658 Joint use driveway.

“Joint use driveway” means a jointly owned and/or maintained vehicular access to two residential or commercial properties. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.658))

18.20.659 Joint use parking.

“Joint use parking” or “shared parking” means required parking stalls shared by two or more uses with the approval of the City. Joint use parking can be appropriate when different operational characteristics of the land uses allow the parking stalls to be available for each use when there is demand. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.660 Kennel.

“Kennel” means a place where adult dogs are temporarily boarded for compensation, whether or not for training. An adult dog is one of either sex, altered or unaltered, that has reached the age of six months. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.660))

18.20.661 Kick plate.

“Kick plate” means a plate applied to the face of the lower rail of a door or sidelight to protect against abrasion or impact loads. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.662 Kitchen or kitchen facility.

“Kitchen” or “kitchen facility” means an area within a building intended for the preparation and storage of food and containing:

(1) An appliance for the refrigeration of food;

(2) An appliance for the cooking or heating of food; and

(3) A sink. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.662))

18.20.665 Landfill.

“Landfill” means a disposal site or part of a site at which refuse is deposited. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.665))

18.20.667 Landscape water features.

“Landscape water features” means a pond, pool or fountain used as a decorative component of a development. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.667))

18.20.670 Landscaping.

“Landscaping” means live vegetative materials required for a development. Said materials provided along the boundaries of a development site is referred to as perimeter landscaping. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.670))

18.20.675 Landslide.

“Landslide” means episodic downslope movement of a mass including, but not limited to, soil, rock or snow. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.675))

18.20.680 Landslide hazard area.

“Landslide hazard area” means an area subject to severe risk of landslide, such as:

(1) An area with a combination of:

(a) Slopes steeper than 15 percent of inclination;

(b) Impermeable soils, such as silt and clay, frequently interbedded with granular soils, such as sand and gravel; and

(2) An area that has shown movement during the Holocene epoch, which is from 10,000 years ago to the present, or that is underlain by mass wastage debris from that epoch;

(3) An area potentially unstable as a result of rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion or undercutting by wave action;

(4) An area that shows evidence of or is at risk from snow avalanches; or

(5) An area located on an alluvial fan, presently or potentially subject to inundation by debris flows or deposition of stream-transported sediments. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.680))

18.20.682 Large format retail trade and services.

“Large format retail” means a retail establishment greater than 100,000 square feet for all structures that offers the sale of goods to the general public, including limited sales to wholesale customers. These uses typically require high parking to building floor area ratios and serve a regional market. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.682))

18.20.683A Letter of map amendment.

“Letter of map amendment” means an official determination by FEMA that a property has been inadvertently included in an area subject to inundation by the base flood as shown on a flood hazard boundary map or flood insurance rate map. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.683B Letter of map revision.

“Letter of map revision” means a letter issued by FEMA to revise the flood hazard boundary map or flood insurance rate map and flood insurance study for a community to change base flood elevations, and floodplain and floodway boundary delineation. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.685 Level of service (LOS), traffic.

“Level of service (LOS), traffic” means a quantitative measure of traffic congestion identified by a declining letter scale (A-F) as calculated by the methodology contained in the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual Special Report 209, or current edition, or as calculated by another method approved by the Department of Community Development. LOS “A” indicates free flow of traffic with no delays while LOS “F” indicates jammed conditions or extensive delay. (Amended at request of department 2/08; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.685))

18.20.690 Light equipment.

“Light equipment” means hand-held tools and construction equipment, such as chain saws, wheelbarrows and post-hole diggers. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.690))

18.20.695 Livestock.

“Livestock” means grazing animals kept either in open fields or structures for training, boarding, home use, sales, or breeding and production, including but not limited to:

(1) Cattle;

(2) Riding and draft horses;

(3) Hogs, excluding pigs weighing less than 120 pounds and standing 20 inches or less at the shoulder which are kept as pets or small animals;

(4) Sheep; and

(5) Goats. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.695))

18.20.700 Livestock, large.

“Livestock, large” means cattle, horses, and other livestock generally weighing over 500 pounds. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.700))

18.20.705 Livestock sales.

“Livestock sales” means the sale of livestock, but not including auctions. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.710))

18.20.710 Livestock, small.

“Livestock, small” means hogs, excluding pigs weighing under 120 pounds and standing 20 inches or less at the shoulder which are kept as household pets or small animals, sheep, goats, miniature horses, llamas, alpaca and other livestock generally weighing under 500 pounds. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.705))

18.20.715 Loading space.

“Loading space” means a space for the temporary parking of a vehicle while loading or unloading cargo or passengers. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.715))

18.20.720 Log storage.

“Log storage” means a facility for the open or enclosed storage of logs, which may include repair facilities for equipment used on-site or operations offices. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.720))

18.20.725 Lot.

“Lot” means a physically separate and distinct parcel of property, which has been created pursuant to CMC Title 17, Subdivisions. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.725))

18.20.727 Lot frontage.

“Lot frontage” means the shortest distance between the sides of the lot along the boundary abutting the street or private road. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.730 Lot line, interior.

“Lot line, interior” means lot lines that delineate property boundaries along those portions of the property which do not abut a street. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.730))

18.20.732 Low impact development.

“Low impact development (LID)” is a stormwater management, site design and engineering approach with a basic principle that is modeled after nature: manage rainfall at the source using uniformly distributed decentralized small-scale controls. LID’s goal is to mimic a site’s predevelopment hydrology by using design techniques that infiltrate, filter, store, evaporate, and detain runoff close to its source. Specific LID tools and standards are identified in the Low Impact Development Technical Guidance Manual for Puget Sound, or other equivalent manual adopted by the City. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.733 Maintenance.

“Maintenance” means the usual acts to prevent a decline, lapse or cessation from a lawfully established condition without any expansion of or significant change from that originally established condition. Activities within landscaped areas within areas subject to native vegetation retention requirements may be considered “maintenance” only if they maintain or enhance the canopy and understory cover. “Maintenance” includes repair work but does not include replacement work. When maintenance is conducted specifically in accordance with the Regional Road Maintenance Endangered Species Act Program Guidelines, the definition of “maintenance” in the glossary of those guidelines supersedes the definition of “maintenance” in this section. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.735 Manufactured home.

“Manufactured home” means a structure, transportable in one or more sections, that in the traveling mode is eight body feet or more in width or 32 body feet or more in length; or when erected on site, is 300 square feet or more in area; which is built on a permanent chassis and is designated for use with or without a permanent foundation when attached to the required utilities; which contains plumbing, heating, air-conditioning and electrical systems; and shall include any structure that meets all the requirements of this section, or of Chapter 296-150M WAC, except the size requirements for which the manufacturer voluntarily complies with the standards and files the certification required by the Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development. The term “manufactured home” does not include a “recreational vehicle.” (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.755))

18.20.740 Manufactured home park.

“Manufactured home park” means a development with two or more improved pads or spaces designed to accommodate mobile homes. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.760))

18.20.741 Manufacturing, heavy.

“Manufacturing, heavy” means land uses characterized by larger size facilities engaged in the processing of raw materials or parts into finished products. Such facilities may have a higher degree of negative environmental impacts due to the processes employed and operations. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.742 Manufacturing, light.

“Manufacturing, light” means land uses characterized by small size facilities where no heavy manufacturing or specialized industrial processes takes place. Typical light manufacturing activities include printing, material testing, and assembly components. Such facilities usually employ less than 100 persons. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.743 Mapping partner.

“Mapping partner” means any organization or individual that is involved in the development and maintenance of a draft flood boundary work map, preliminary flood insurance rate map or flood insurance rate map. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.745 Marina.

“Marina” means an establishment providing docking, moorage space and related activities limited to the provisioning or minor repair of pleasure boats and yachts, and accessory facilities including, but not limited to:

(1) Showers;

(2) Toilets; and

(3) Self-service laundries. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.735))

18.20.748 Market manager.

“Market manager” means one who oversees the general operations of a farmers’ or public market, which may include: acting as the applicant for a required temporary use permit; acting as the main contact with the City; ensuring compliance with State and municipal law and health regulations; overseeing the setup, operation, and closing of the market each day; recruiting vendors; collecting payment; and promoting the market. (Ord. 09-09 § 3)

18.20.749 Mass.

“Mass” means the physical volume or bulk of a solid body. The mass of a building is its three-dimensional form, bulkiness and relationship to exterior spaces. During the design process, massing is one of many aspects of form considered by an architect or designer and can be the result of both exterior and interior design considerations. Architectural massing can be used to identify a building entry, denote a stairway or simply create visual depth to soften the visual mass of the overall structure. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.750 Material error.

“Material error” means substantive information upon which a permit decision is based that is submitted in error or is omitted at the time of permit application. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.740))

18.20.750.5 Medical office.

“Medical office” means a facility that provides diagnosis and outpatient care on a routine basis but is unable to provide prolonged in-house medical or major surgical care. Medical clinics are included in this definition. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.751 Microwave.

“Microwave” means electromagnetic waves with a frequency range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.745))

18.20.752 Mitigation.

“Mitigation” means an action taken to compensate for adverse impacts to the environment resulting from a development activity or alteration. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.750))

18.20.753 Mitigation bank.

“Mitigation bank” means a property that has been protected in perpetuity and approved by appropriate County, State and Federal agencies expressly for the purpose of providing compensatory mitigation in advance of authorized impacts through any combination of restoration, creation or enhancement of wetlands and, in exceptional circumstances, preservation of adjacent wetlands and wetland buffers or protection of other aquatic or wildlife resources. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.751))

18.20.755 Mitigation banking.

“Mitigation banking” means a system for providing compensatory mitigation in advance of authorized wetland impacts of development in City of Covington in which credits are generated through restoration, creation, and/or enhancement of wetlands, and in exceptional circumstances, preservation of adjacent wetlands, wetland buffers, and/or other aquatic resources. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.752))

18.20.757 Maximum extent practical.

“Maximum extent practical” means the highest level of effectiveness that can be achieved through the use of best available science or technology. In determining what the “maximum extent practical is” the City shall consider, at a minimum, the effectiveness, engineering feasibility, commercial availability, safety and cost of the measures. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.760 Mixed-use development.

“Mixed-use development” means a combination of residential and nonresidential uses within the same building or site as part of an integrated development project with functional interrelationships and coherent physical design. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.753))

18.20.765 Monitoring.

“Monitoring” means evaluating the impacts of development proposals on biologic, hydrologic and geologic systems and assessing the performance of required mitigation through the collection and analysis of data for the purpose of understanding and documenting changes in natural ecosystems, functions and features including, but not limited to, gathering baseline data. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.765))

18.20.770 Monuments, tombstones, and gravestones sales.

“Monuments, tombstones, and gravestones sales” means the retail sale of custom stonework products including only uses located in SIC Industry No. 5599 – Monuments, finished to custom order, tombstones and gravestones finished. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.770))

18.20.775 Motor vehicle and bicycle manufacturing.

“Motor vehicle and bicycle manufacturing” means fabricating or assembling complete passenger automobiles, trucks, commercial cars and buses, motorcycles, and bicycles, including only uses located in SIC Industry Group Nos.:

(1) 371 – Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment; and

(2) 375 – Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.780))

18.20.780 Motor vehicle, boat and mobile home dealer.

“Motor vehicle, boat and mobile home dealer” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of new and/or used automobiles, motor homes, motorcycles, trailers, boats or mobile homes, including only uses located in SIC Major Group and Industry Group Nos.:

(1) 55 – Automotive dealers and gasoline service stations except:

(a) 553 – Auto and home supply stores;

(b) 554 – Gasoline service stations; and

(2) Aircraft dealers found in 5599:

(a) 527 – Mobile home dealers; and

(b) Yacht brokers found in 7389. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.775))

18.20.782 Mulch.

“Mulch” means any material such as leaves, bark, straw left loose and applied to the soil surface to reduce evaporation. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.782))

18.20.783 Museum.

“Museum” means any establishment open to the public where works of art, scientific specimens, or other objects of permanent value are kept and displayed. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.785 Municipal water production.

“Municipal water production” means the collection and processing of surface water through means of dams or other methods of impoundment for municipal water systems. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.785))

18.20.790 Native vegetation.

“Native vegetation” means plant species indigenous to the Puget Sound region that reasonably could be expected to naturally occur on the site. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.790))

18.20.795 Naturalized species.

“Naturalized species” means nonnative species of vegetation that are adaptable to the climatic conditions of the coastal region of the Pacific Northwest. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.795))

18.20.797 Net buildable area.

“Net buildable area” means the “site area” less the following areas:

(1) Areas within a project site that are required to be dedicated for public rights-of-way in excess of 60 feet in width;

(2) Critical areas and their buffers to the extent they are required by Chapter 18.65 CMC to remain undeveloped;

(3) Areas required for storm water control facilities other than facilities that are completely underground, including, but not limited to, retention or detention ponds, biofiltration swales and setbacks from such ponds and swales;

(4) Areas required to be dedicated or reserved as on-site recreation areas;

(5) Regional utility corridors; and

(6) Other areas, excluding setbacks, required to remain undeveloped. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.797))

18.20.800 Nonconformance.

“Nonconformance” means any use, improvement or structure established in conformance with City of Covington rules and regulations in effect at the time of establishment that no longer conforms to the range of uses permitted in the site’s current zone or to the current development standards of the code due to changes in the code or its application to the subject property. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.800))

18.20.805 Nonhydroelectric generation facility.

“Nonhydroelectric generation facility” means an establishment for the generation of electricity by nuclear reaction, burning fossil fuels, or other electricity generation methods. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.805))

18.20.810 Non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation (NIER).

“Non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation (NIER)” means electromagnetic radiation of low photon energy unable to cause ionization. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.810))

18.20.815 Noxious weed.

“Noxious weed” means a plant species that is highly destructive, competitive or difficult to control by cultural or chemical practices, limited to any plant species listed on the State noxious weed list in Chapter 16-750 WAC, regardless of the list’s regional designation or classification of the species. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.815))

18.20.816 Nursing and personal care facility.

“Nursing and personal care facility” means any facility which provides convalescent or chronic care for 24 consecutive hours for three or more patients not related by blood or marriage to the operator, who by reason of illness or infirmity are unable to properly care for themselves. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.817 Off-street required parking lot.

“Off-street required parking lot” means parking facilities constructed to meet the off-street parking requirements of Chapters 18.31 and/or 18.50 CMC for land uses located on a lot separate from the parking facilities. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.817))

18.20.819 Open space.

“Open space” means areas left predominately in a natural state to create urban separators and greenbelts, sustain native ecosystems, connect and increase protective buffers for environmentally sensitive areas, provide a visual contrast to continuous development, reinforce community identity and aesthetics, or provide links between important environmental or recreational resources. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.819))

18.20.820 Open-work fence.

“Open-work fence” means a fence in which the solid portions are evenly distributed and constitute no more than 50 percent of the total surface area. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.820))

18.20.825 Ordinary high water mark.

“Ordinary high water mark” means the mark found by examining the bed and banks of a stream, lake, pond water and ascertaining where the presence and action of waters are so common and long maintained in ordinary years as to mark upon the soil a vegetative character distinct from that of the abutting upland. In an area where the ordinary high water mark cannot be found, the line of mean high water in areas adjoining freshwater is the “ordinary high water mark.” In an area where neither can be found, the top of the channel bank is the “ordinary high water mark.” In braided channels and alluvial fans, the ordinary high water mark or line of mean high water includes the entire water or stream feature. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.825))

18.20.827 Outdoor commercial.

“Outdoor commercial” means a commercial use where the majority of activity occurs outside a permanent structure. “Outdoor commercial” does not include “farmers’ markets” defined in CMC 18.20.451.5 or “public market” as defined in CMC 18.20.940.5. (Ord. 04-12 § 1 (Exh. A); Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.829 Outdoor performance center.

“Outdoor performance center” means an establishment for the performing arts with open-air seating for audiences. Such establishments may include related services such as food and beverage sales and other concessions. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.830). Formerly 18.20.830)

18.20.830 Outpatient clinic.

“Outpatient clinic” means a building designed and used for medical or surgical diagnosis, and treatment of persons under the care of doctors and nurses. No housing of patients is provided at such a facility. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.831 Overburden-cover-to-seam-thickness ratio.

“Overburden-cover-to-seam-thickness ratio” means the thickness as measured from the ground surface to the top of the abandoned mine working divided by the extracted thickness of the coal seam, expressed as a ratio. A 10-foot extracted coal seam will have a 10:1 overburden-cover-to-seam-thickness ratio at a depth of 100 feet and a 15:1 overburden-cover-to-seam-thickness ratio at a depth of 150 feet. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.831))

18.20.832 Overspray.

“Overspray” means irrigation water applied beyond the landscape area. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.832))

18.20.833 Parapet.

A parapet is a low wall projecting from the edge of a platform, terrace, or roof. Parapets may rise above the cornice of a building. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.835 Park.

“Park” means a site designed or developed for recreational use by the public including, but not limited to:

(1) Indoor facilities, such as:

(a) Gymnasiums;

(b) Swimming pools; or

(2) Outdoor facilities, such as:

(a) Playfields;

(b) Fishing areas;

(d) Approved campgrounds;

(3) Areas and trails for:

(a) Hikers;

(b) Equestrians;

(d) Off-road recreational vehicle users;

(4) Recreation space areas required under CMC 18.35.150;

(5) Play areas required under CMC 18.35.170; and

(6) Facilities for on-site maintenance. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.835))

18.20.840 Park service area.

“Park service area” means established by the Department, within which the dedications of land and fees received from new residential developments for the benefit of residents within such service area. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.840))

18.20.845 Parking lot aisle.

“Parking lot aisle” means that portion of the off-street parking area used exclusively for the maneuvering and circulation of motor vehicles and in which parking is prohibited. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.845))

18.20.850 Parking lot unit depth.

“Parking lot unit depth” means the linear distance within which one parking aisle is flanked by accessible rows of parking stalls as measured perpendicular to the parking aisle. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.850))

18.20.855 Parking space.

“Parking space” means an area accessible to vehicles, improved, maintained and used for the sole purpose of parking a motor vehicle. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.855))

18.20.860 Parking space angle.

“Parking space angle” means the angle measured from a reference line, generally the property line or center line of an aisle, at which motor vehicles are to be parked. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.860))

18.20.865 Party of record (POR).

“Party of record (POR)” means a person who has submitted written comments, testified, asked to be notified or is the sponsor of a petition entered as part of the official City record on a specific development proposal. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.865))

18.20.870 Peak hour.

“Peak hour” means the hour during the morning or afternoon when the most critical level of service occurs for a particular roadway or intersection. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.870))

18.20.872 Pedestrian orientation.

“Pedestrian orientation” means designing the built environment with the needs of humans who are walking in mind. Key elements include building height, bulk and placement; streetscape, sidewalk design and connections; and mix and type of land uses. The result should be a walkable community that reinforces urban design goals for the neighborhood. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.873 Pedestrian walkway.

“Pedestrian walkway” means a surfaced walkway, separate from the traveled portion of a right-of-way or parking lot/driving aisle. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.874 Performing arts center.

“Performing arts center” means any facility consisting of stages and seating for the live performance of theatrical or musical works. Ancillary uses such as concessions and gift shops may be included in this use. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.875 Permanent school facilities.

“Permanent school facilities” means facilities of a school district with a fixed foundation which are not relocatable facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.875))

18.20.876 Personal service.

“Personal service” means any use that provides services involving the care of a person or of a person’s apparel. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.880 Personal medical supply store.

“Personal medical supply store” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of eyeglasses, contact lenses, hearing aids, and artificial limbs, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 5995 – Optical goods stores; and

(2) 5999 – Hearing aids and orthopedic and artificial limb stores. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.880))

18.20.885 Pet shop.

“Pet shop” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of pets, small animals, pet supplies, or grooming of pets, including only uses located in SIC Industry No. 5999 – Pet shops. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.885))

18.20.890 Photographic and electronic shop.

“Photographic and electronic shop” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of cameras and photographic supplies, and a variety of household electronic equipment, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 5946 – Camera and photographic supply stores;

(2) 5999 – Binoculars and telescopes;

(3) 5731 – Radio, television, and consumer electronics stores; and

(4) 5734 – Computer and computer software stores. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.890))

18.20.895 Plant associations of infrequent occurrence.

“Plant associations of infrequent occurrence” means one or more plant species of a landform type which does not often occur in City of Covington because of the rarity of the habitat and/or the species involved or for other botanical or environmental reasons. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.895))

18.20.897 Plant factor.

“Plant factor” means a factor which when multiplied by reference evapotranspiration, estimates the amount of water used by plants. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.897))

18.20.898 Preliminary flood insurance rate map.

“Preliminary flood insurance rate map” means the initial map issued by FEMA for public review and comment that delineates areas of flood hazard. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.899 Potable water.

“Potable water” means water suitable for human consumption. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.899))

18.20.899.5 Preliminary flood insurance study.

“Preliminary flood insurance study” means the preliminary report provided by FEMA for public review and comment that includes flood profiles, text, data tables and photographs. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.899.7 Prepared food sales.

“Prepared food sales” means the sale of freshly made foods, available for sale and immediate consumption on site. Prepared food sales shall be accessory to farmers’ and public markets. (Ord. 09-09 § 3)

18.20.900 Private.

“Private” means solely or primarily for the use of residents or occupants of the premises; e.g., a noncommercial garage used solely by residents or their guests is a private garage. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.900))

18.20.905 Private storm water management facility.

“Private storm water management facility” means a surface water control structure installed by a project proponent to retain, detain or otherwise limit runoff from an individual or group of developed sites specifically served by such structure. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.905))

18.20.908 Processed food sales.

“Processed food sales” means the sale of fresh food products that have been personally prepared and processed by a seller on property that they own or lease. Processed foods shall include meats, seafood, ciders, baked goods, jams, etc., that have value added through hands-on processing. Processed food sales shall be accessory to farmers’ and public markets, provided they have been prepared in the State of Washington. (Ord. 09-09 § 3)

18.20.910 Professional office.

“Professional office” means an office used as a place of business by licensed professionals or persons in other generally recognized professions which use training or knowledge of a technical, scientific or other academic discipline as opposed to manual skills, and which does not involve outside storage or fabrication, or on-site sale or transfer of commodities. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.910))

18.20.915 Public agency.

“Public agency” means any agency, political subdivision or unit of local government of this State including, but not limited to, municipal corporations, special purpose districts and local service districts, any agency of the State of Washington, the United States or any State thereof or any Indian tribe recognized as such by the Federal government. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.915))

18.20.920 Public agency animal control facility.

“Public agency animal control facility” means a facility for the impoundment and disposal of stray or abandoned small animals. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.920))

18.20.925 Public agency archive.

“Public agency archive” means a facility for the enclosed storage of public agency documents or related materials, excluding storage of vehicles, equipment, or similar materials. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.925))

18.20.930 Public agency or utility office.

“Public agency or utility office” means an office for the administration of any governmental or utility activity or program, with no outdoor storage and including, but not limited to uses located in SIC Major Group, Industry Group and Industry Nos.:

(1) 91 – Executive, legislative, and general government, except finance;

(2) 93 – Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy;

(3) 94 – Administration of human resource programs;

(4) 95 – Administration of environmental quality and housing program;

(5) 96 – Administration of economic programs;

(6) 972 – International affairs;

(7) 9222 – Legal counsel and prosecution; and

(8) 9229 – Public order and safety. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.930))

18.20.935 Public agency or utility yard.

“Public agency or utility yard” means a facility for open or enclosed storage, repair, and maintenance of vehicles, equipment, or related materials, excluding document storage. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.935))

18.20.940 Public agency training facility.

“Public agency training facility” means an establishment or school for training State and local law enforcement, fire safety, National Guard or transit personnel and facilities including but not limited to:

(1) Dining and overnight accommodations;

(2) Classrooms;

(3) Shooting ranges;

(4) Auto test tracks; and

(5) Fire suppression simulations. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.940))

18.20.940.5 Public market.

“Public market” means a site where farmers and/or resellers sell not less than 50 percent locally grown, produced, caught, or gathered fruits, vegetables, herbs, nuts, honey, dairy products, eggs, poultry, mushrooms, meats, fish, flowers, nursery stock, and plants. Up to 50 percent of a public market’s total number of vendor spaces may consist of resellers and/or accessory uses. (Ord. 09-09 § 3)

18.20.941 Public road right-of-way structure.

“Public road right-of-way structure” means the existing, maintained, improved road right-of-way or railroad prism and the roadway drainage features including ditches and the associated surface water conveyance system, flow control and water quality treatment facilities and other structures that are ancillary to those facilities including catch-basins, access holes and culverts. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.942 Public street.

“Public street” means any public or private road or access easement intended to provide public access to any lot/development, but excluding any service road or internal driving aisles (e.g., within parking lots). “Public street” includes the street and all other improvements inside the publicly owned right-of-way. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.943 Public transportation amenities.

“Public transportation amenities” means transfer of development credits (TDC) amenities financed by public transportation funds that shall provide transportation improvement or programs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.943))

18.20.945 Radio frequency.

“Radio frequency” means the number of times the current from a given source of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation changes from a maximum positive level through a maximum negative level and back to a maximum positive level in one second; measured in cycles per second or Hertz (Hz). (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.945))

18.20.947 Rapid charging station.

“Rapid charging station” means an industrial grade electrical outlet that allows for faster recharging of electric vehicle batteries through higher power levels and that meets or exceeds any standards, codes, and regulations set forth by Chapter 19.28 RCW and consistent with rules adopted under RCW 19.27.540. (Ord. 19-11 § 1 (Exh. 1))

18.20.950 Reasonable use.

“Reasonable use” means a legal concept articulated by Federal and State courts in regulatory taking cases. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.950))

18.20.955 Receiving site.

“Receiving site” means land for which allowable residential density is increased over the base density permitted by the underlying zone, by virtue of permanently securing and dedicating to the City of Covington, or another qualifying agency, the development potential of an associated sending site. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.955))

18.20.957 Reclamation.

“Reclamation” means the final grading and restoration of a site to reestablish the vegetative cover, soil stability and surface water conditions to accommodate and sustain all permitted uses of the site and to prevent and mitigate future environmental degradation. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.960 Recreational vehicle (RV).

“Recreational vehicle (RV)” means a vehicle designed primarily for recreational camping, travel or seasonal use which has its own motive power or is mounted on or towed by another vehicle, including but not limited to:

(1) Travel trailer;

(2) Folding camping trailer;

(3) Park trailer;

(4) Truck camper;

(5) Park trailer;

(6) Motor home; and

(7) Multi-use vehicle. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.960))

18.20.965 Recreational vehicle parks.

“Recreational vehicle parks” means the use of land upon which two or more recreational vehicle sites, including hook up facilities, are located for occupancy by the general public of recreational vehicles as temporary living quarters for recreation or vacation purposes. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.965))

18.20.966 Recreation, indoor.

“Recreation, indoor” means indoor skating rinks, bowling alleys, gymnasiums not accessory to an educational institution, racket clubs, sports arenas, pools and similar uses. “Recreation, indoor” does not include “shooting range” as defined in CMC 18.20.1080. (Ord. 01-12 § 1 (Exh. 1); Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.967 Recreation, outdoor.

“Recreation, outdoor” means golf courses, tennis courts, athletic fields, pools, skate parks, and similar uses. “Recreation, outdoor” does not include “shooting range” as defined in CMC 18.20.1080. (Ord. 01-12 § 1 (Exh. 1); Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.970 Recyclable material.

“Recyclable material” means a nontoxic, recoverable substance that can be reprocessed for the manufacture of new products. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.970))

18.20.972 Reference evapotranspiration (Eto).

“Reference evapotranspiration (Eto)” means a standard measurement of environmental parameters which affect the water use of plants. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.972))

18.20.973 Regional road maintenance guidelines.

“Regional road maintenance guidelines” means the National Marine Fisheries Service-published Regional Road Maintenance Endangered Species Act Program Guidelines. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.975 Regional storm water management facility.

“Regional storm water management facility” means a surface water control structure installed in or adjacent to a stream or wetland of a basin or sub-basin by the Surface Water Management (SWM) Division or a project proponent. Such facilities protect downstream areas identified by SWM as having previously existing or predicted significant regional basin flooding or erosion problems. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.975))

18.20.980 Regional utility corridor.

“Regional utility corridor” means a right-of-way tract or easement other than a street right-of-way which contains transmission lines or pipelines for utility companies. Right-of-way tracts or easements containing lines serving individual lots or developments are not regional utility corridors. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.980))

18.20.985 Relocatable facilities cost per student.

“Relocatable facilities cost per student” means the estimated cost of purchasing and siting a relocatable facility in a school district for the grade span of school to be provided, as a function of the district’s facilities standard per grade span and taking into account the requirements of students with special needs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.985))

18.20.990 Relocatable facility.

“Relocatable facility” means any factory-built structure, transportable in one or more sections, that is designed to be used as an education space and is needed to prevent the overbuilding of school facilities, to meet the needs of service areas within a district or to cover the gap between the time that families move into new residential developments and the date that construction is completed on permanent school facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.990))

18.20.995 Relocation facilities.

“Relocation facilities” means housing units within City of Covington that provide housing to persons who have been involuntarily displaced from other housing units within City of Covington as a result of conversion of their housing unit to other land uses. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.995))

18.20.997 Repair.

“Repair” means to fix or restore to sound condition after damage. “Repair” does not include replacement of structures or systems. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.998 Replace.

“Replace” means to take or fill the place of a structure, fence, deck or paved surface with an equivalent or substitute structure, fence, deck or paved surface that serves the same purpose. “Replacement” may or may not involve an expansion. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.999 Reseller.

“Reseller” means one who buys fruits, vegetables, herbs, nuts, honey, dairy products, eggs, poultry, mushrooms, meats, fish, flowers, nursery stock, and plants directly from the farmer that grew, produced, caught, or gathered the item, transports it to a market, and resells it directly to the consumer. (Ord. 09-09 § 3)

18.20.1000 Restoration.

“Restoration” means, for purposes of critical areas regulation, an action that reestablishes the structure and functions of a critical area or any associated buffer that has been altered. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1000))

18.20.1005 Retail, comparison.

“Retail, comparison” provides for the sale of comparison good and services and is centrally located in the community or region. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1005))

18.20.1010 Retail, convenience.

“Retail, convenience” provides for daily living goods, is easy to access and use and is close to residential neighborhoods. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1010))

18.20.1010.3 Retail trade and services.

“Retail trade and services” means any use that provides for the sale of goods and services for both local and regional markets. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.1011 Retaining wall.

“Retaining wall” means any wall used to resist the lateral displacement of any material. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1011))

18.20.1012 Road amenities.

“Road amenities” means transfer of development credits (TDC) amenities financed by road CIP or operating funds that shall provide transportation improvements or programs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1011A))

18.20.1012.5 Roadway.

“Roadway” means the maintained areas cleared and graded within a road right-of-way or railroad prism. For a road right-of-way, “roadway” includes all maintained and traveled areas, shoulders, pathways, sidewalks, ditches and cut and fill slopes. For a railroad prism, “roadway” includes the maintained railbed, shoulders, and cut and fill slopes. “Roadway” is equivalent to the “existing, maintained, improved road right-of-way or railroad prism” as defined in the regional road maintenance guidelines. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1013 Runoff.

“Runoff” means water not absorbed by the soil in the landscape area to which it is applied. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1012))

18.20.1015 Salmonid.

“Salmonid” means a member of the fish family Salmonidae, including, but not limited to:

(1) Chinook, coho, chum, sockeye and pink salmon;

(2) Rainbow, steelhead and cutthroat salmon, which are also known as trout;

(3) Brown trout;

(4) Brook, bull trout, which is also known as char, and Dolly Varden char;

(5) Kokanee; and

(6) Pygmy whitefish. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1015))

18.20.1016 Salmonid migration barrier.

“Salmonid migration barrier” means an in-stream blockage that consists of a natural gradient drop (no human influence) with an uninterrupted slope greater than 100 percent (45-degree angle and height in excess of 11 vertical feet) with anadromous salmon-bearing waters or a height of three vertical feet within resident trout-only bearing waters. Culverts and weirs meet the definition, yet are subject to the Director’s determination of whether the barrier must be removed or may remain, based on factors including impacts to existing systems and significant expense. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1020 School bus base.

“School bus base” means an establishment for the storage, dispatch, repairs and maintenance of coaches and other vehicles of a school transit system. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1020))

18.20.1025 School district.

“School district” means the Kent School District. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1025))

18.20.1030 School district support facility.

“School district support facility” means uses (excluding schools and bus bases) that are required for the operation of a school district. This term includes school district administrative offices, centralized kitchens, and maintenance or storage facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1030))

18.20.1033 Schools, compulsory.²

“Schools, compulsory” means institutions of learning offering instruction in the several branches of learning and study required by the Education Code of the state of Washington, including associated meeting rooms, auditoriums and athletic facilities. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.1035 Schools, elementary, and middle/junior high.

“Schools, elementary, and middle/junior high” means institutions of learning offering instruction in the several branches of learning and study required by the Education Code of the State of Washington in grades kindergarten through nine, including associated meeting rooms, auditoriums and athletic facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1035))

18.20.1040 Schools, secondary or high school.

“Schools, secondary or high school” means institutions of learning offering instruction in the several branches of learning and study required by the Education Code of the State of Washington in grades nine through 12, including associated meeting rooms, auditoriums and athletic facilities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1040))

18.20.1042 Scour.

“Scour” means the erosive action of running water in streams, which excavates and carries away material from the bed and banks. “Scour” includes earth and solid rock material. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1045 Seismic hazard areas.

“Seismic hazard areas” means those areas in City of Covington subject to severe risk of earthquake damage as a result of soil liquefaction in areas underlain by cohesionless soils of low density and usually in association with a shallow ground water table or of other seismically induced settlement. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1045))

18.20.1050 Self-service storage facility.

“Self-service storage facility” means an establishment containing separate storage spaces that are leased or rented as individual units. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1050))

18.20.1055 Sending site.

“Sending site” means land designated in Chapter 18.95 CMC as capable of providing a public benefit if permanently protected by virtue of having its zoned development potential transferred to another property. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1055))

18.20.1060 Senior citizen.

“Senior citizen” means a person aged 62 or older. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1060))

18.20.1062 Senior citizen assisted housing.

“Senior citizen assisted housing” means housing in a building consisting of two or more dwelling units or sleeping units restricted to occupancy by at least one senior citizen per unit, and may include the following support services, as deemed necessary:

(1) Food preparation and dining areas;

(2) Group activity areas;

(3) Medical supervision; and

(4) Similar activities. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1062))

18.20.1065 Sensitive areas.

Repealed by Ord. 10-10. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1065))

18.20.1070 Setback.

“Setback” means the minimum required distance between a structure and a specified line such as a lot, easement or buffer line that is required to remain free of structures. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1070))

18.20.1075 Shelters for temporary placement.

“Shelters for temporary placement” means housing units within City of Covington that provide housing to persons on a temporary basis for a duration not to exceed four weeks. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1075))

18.20.1080 Shooting range.

“Shooting range” means a facility designed to provide a confined space for safe target practice with firearms, archery equipment, or other weapons whether open to the public, open only to private membership, open to organizational training such as law enforcement, or any combination thereof. (Ord. 01-12 § 1 (Exh. 1); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1080))

18.20.1083 Shoreline.

“Shoreline” means those lands defined as shorelines of the State in the Shorelines Management Act of 1971, Chapter 90.58 RCW, as amended or updated. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1084 Side channel.

“Side channel” means a channel that is secondary to and carries water to or from the main channel of a stream or the main body of a lake, including a back-watered channel or area and oxbow channel that is still connected to a stream by one or more above-ground channel connections or by inundation at the base flood. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1085 Sign.

“Sign” means any device, structure, fixture, or placard that is visible from a public right-of-way or surrounding properties and uses graphics, symbols, or written copy for the purpose of advertising or identifying any establishment, product, goods, or service. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1085))

18.20.1090 Sign, awning.

“Sign, awning” means a sign painted on or attached directly to and supported by an awning. An awning may be constructed of rigid or nonrigid materials and may be retractable or nonretractable. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1090))

18.20.1095 Sign, changing message center.

“Sign, changing message center” means an electrically controlled sign that contains advertising messages which changes at intervals of three minutes or greater. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1095))

18.20.1100 Sign, community bulletin board.

“Sign, community bulletin board” means a permanent sign used to notify the public of community events and public services, and which contains no commercial advertising. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1100))

18.20.1105 Sign, directional.

“Sign, directional” means a sign designed to guide or direct pedestrian or vehicular traffic to an area, place or convenience, and may include incidental graphics such as trade names and trademarks. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1105))

18.20.1110 Sign, freestanding.

“Sign, freestanding” means a sign standing directly upon the ground or having one or more supports standing directly upon the ground, and being detached from any building or fence. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1110))

18.20.1115 Sign, fuel price.

“Sign, fuel price” means a sign utilized to advertise the price of gasoline and/or diesel fuel. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1115))

18.20.1120 Sign, incidental.

“Sign, incidental” means a sign, emblem or decal designed to inform the public of goods, facilities, or services available on the premises, and may include but is not limited to signs designating:

(1) Restrooms;

(2) Hours of operation;

(3) Acceptable credit cards;

(4) Property ownership or management;

(5) Phone booths; and

(6) Recycling containers. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1120))

18.20.1125 Sign, indirectly illuminated.

“Sign, indirectly illuminated” means a sign that is illuminated entirely from an external artificial source. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1125))

18.20.1130 Sign, monument.

“Sign, monument” means a freestanding sign that is above ground level and is anchored to the ground by a solid base, with no open space between the sign and the ground. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1130))

18.20.1135 Sign, off-premises directional.

“Sign, off-premises directional” means a sign which contains no advertising of a commercial nature which is used to direct pedestrian or vehicular traffic circulation to a facility, service or business located on other premises within 660 feet of the sign. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1135))

18.20.1140 Sign, on-premises.

“Sign, on-premises” means a sign which displays a message which is incidental to and directly associated with the use of the property on which it is located. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1140))

18.20.1145 Sign, permanent residential development identification.

“Sign, permanent residential development identification” means a permanent sign identifying the residential development upon which the sign is located. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1145))

18.20.1150 Sign, portable.

“Sign, portable” means a sign which is capable of being moved and is not permanently affixed to the ground, a structure or building. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1150))

18.20.1155 Sign, projecting.

“Sign, projecting” means any sign which is attached to and supported by the exterior wall of a building with the exposed face of the sign on a plane perpendicular to the wall of the building; projecting more than one foot from the wall of a building and vertical to the ground. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1155))

18.20.1160 Sign, time and temperature.

“Sign, time and temperature” means an electrically controlled sign that contains messages for date, time, and temperature, which changes at intervals of one minute or less. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1160))

18.20.1165 Sign, wall.

“Sign, wall” means any sign painted on, or attached directly to and supported by, a building or structure, with the exposed face of the sign on a plane parallel to the portion of the building or structure to which it is attached, projecting no more than one foot from the building or structure, including window signs which are permanently attached. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1165))

18.20.1167 Significant tree.

“Significant tree” means an existing healthy tree that is not a hazard tree (i.e., a tree that does not have a high probability of imminently falling due to a debilitating disease or structural defect) and that when measured has a minimum diameter of six inches DBH or larger. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1167))

18.20.1170 Site.

“Site” means a single lot, or two or more contiguous lots that are under common ownership or documented legal control, used as a single parcel for a development proposal in order to calculate compliance with the standards and regulations of this title. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1170))

18.20.1172 Site area.

“Site area” means the total horizontal area of a project site. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1172))

18.20.1175 Site cost per student.

“Site cost per student” means the estimated cost of a site in the district for the grade span of school to be provided, as a function of the district’s facilities standard per grade span and taking into account the requirements of students with special needs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1175))

18.20.1177 SITUS file.

“SITUS file” means information on an individual parcel of land, including its size, known extent of existing development, known environmental constraints, approval conditions and other site-specific information, contained in the computerized permitting and land parcel data base of the Department of Public Works or its successor agencies. (Amended at request of department 2/08; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1177))

18.20.1178 Slope.

“Slope” means an inclined ground surface, the inclination of which is expressed as a ratio of vertical distance to horizontal distance. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1185 Soil recycling facility.

“Soil recycling facility” means an establishment engaged in the collection, storage and treatment of contaminated soils to remove and re-use organic contaminants. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1185))

18.20.1190 Source-separated organic material.

“Source-separated organic material” means vegetative material, scrap lumber or wood, or other materials that provide a source for recycled or composted products. This does not include chemically treated wood products and/or toxic organic substances. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1190))

18.20.1195 Special use permit.

“Special use permit” means a permit granted by the City to locate a regional land use at a particular location, subject to conditions placed on the proposed use to ensure compatibility with adjacent land uses. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1195))

18.20.1200 Specialized instruction school.

“Specialized instruction school” means establishments engaged in providing specialized instruction in a designated field of study, rather than a full range of courses in unrelated areas; including, but not limited to:

(1) Art;

(2) Dance;

(3) Music;

(4) Cooking;

(5) Driving; and

(6) Pet obedience training. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1200))

18.20.1210 Sporting goods store.

“Sporting goods store” means an establishment engaged in the retail sale of sporting goods and equipment, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 5941 – Sporting goods stores and bicycle shops; and

(2) 5999 – Tent shops and trophy shops. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1210))

18.20.1215 Sports club.

“Sports club” means an establishment engaged in operating physical fitness facilities and sports and recreation clubs, including only uses located in SIC Industry Nos.:

(1) 7991 – Physical fitness facilities; and

(2) 7997 – Membership sports and recreation clubs. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1215))

18.20.1220 Stable.

“Stable” means a structure or facility in which horses or other livestock are kept for:

(1) Boarding;

(2) Training;

(3) Riding lessons;

(4) Breeding;

(5) Rental; or

(6) Personal use. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1220))

18.20.1225 Standard of service, school districts.

“Standard of service, school districts” means the standard adopted by each school district which identifies the program year, the class size by grade span and taking into account the requirements of students with special needs, the number of classrooms, the types of facilities the district believes will best serve its student population, and other factors as identified by the school district. The district’s standard of service shall not be adjusted for any portion of the classrooms housed in relocatable facilities which are used as transitional facilities or for any specialized facilities housed in relocatable facilities. Except as otherwise defined by the school board pursuant to a board resolution, transitional facilities shall mean those facilities that are used to cover the time required for the construction of permanent facilities; provided, that the “necessary financial commitments” as defined in Chapter 18.75 CMC are in place to complete the permanent facilities called for in the capital plan. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1225))

18.20.1230 Steep slope hazard areas.

“Steep slope hazard area” means an area on a slope of 40 percent inclination or more within a vertical elevation change of at least 20 feet. For the purpose of this definition, a slope is delineated by establishing its toe and top and is measured by averaging the inclination over at least 10 feet of vertical relief. Also for the purpose of this definition:

(1) The “toe” of a slope means a distinct topographic break in slope that separates slopes inclined at less than 40 percent from slopes inclined at 40 percent or more. Where no distinct break exists, the “toe” of a slope is the lowermost limit of the area where the ground surface drops 10 feet or more vertically within a horizontal distance of 25 feet; and

(2) The “top” of a slope is a distinct topographic break in slope that separates slopes inclined at less than 40 percent from slopes inclined at 40 percent or more. Where no distinct break exists, the “top” of a slope is the uppermost limit of the area where the ground surface drops 10 feet or more vertically within a horizontal distance of 25 feet. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1230))

18.20.1235 Stream functions.

“Stream functions” means natural processes performed by streams including functions which are important in facilitating food chain production, providing habitat for nesting, rearing and resting sites for aquatic, terrestrial and avian species, maintaining the availability and quality of water, such as purifying water, acting as recharge and discharge areas for ground water aquifers, moderating surface and storm water flows and maintaining the free flowing conveyance of water, sediments and other organic matter. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1235))

18.20.1240 Stream.

“Stream” means an aquatic area where surface water produces a channel, not including a wholly artificial channel, unless it is:

(1) Used by salmonids;

(2) Used to convey a stream that occurred naturally before construction of the artificial channel; or

(3) A route that conveys surface water that can be classified as a Type S, F, Np or Ns in the Washington State Water Typing System in accordance with Chapter 222-16 WAC. (Ord. 13-09 § 25; Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1240))

18.20.1245 Street.

“Street” means a public or recorded private thoroughfare providing pedestrian and vehicular access through neighborhoods and communities and to abutting property. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1245))

18.20.1250 Street frontage.

“Street frontage” means any portion of a lot or combination of lots which directly abut a public right-of-way. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1250))

18.20.1252 Street wall.

“Street wall” means the frontage of a development proposal site that abuts a public street. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.1255 Structure.

“Structure” means anything permanently constructed in or on the ground, or over the water; excluding fences six feet or less in height, decks less than 18 inches above grade, paved areas, and structural or nonstructural fill. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1255))

18.20.1257 Structured parking.

“Structured parking” means providing parking within a structure below, at or above grade in a manner such that vehicles are not visible from the public street. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.1260 Student factor.

“Student factor” means the number derived by a school district to describe how many students of each grade span are expected to be generated by a dwelling unit. Student factors shall be based on district records of average actual student generated rates for new developments constructed over a period of not more than five years prior to the date of the fee calculation; if such information is not available in the district, data from adjacent districts, districts with similar demographics, or County-wide averages must be used. Student factors must be separately determined for single-family and multifamily dwelling units, and for grade spans. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1260))

18.20.1265 Submerged land.

“Submerged land” means any land at or below the ordinary high water mark of an aquatic area. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1265))

18.20.1266 Substantial improvement.

“Substantial improvement” means:

(1) (a) Any maintenance, repair, structural modification, addition or other improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the structure either:

(i) Before the improvement or repair is started; or

(ii) If the structure has been damaged and is being restored, before the damage occurred.

(b) For purposes of this definition, the cost of any improvement is considered to begin when the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor or other structural part of the building begins, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the structure; and

(2) Does not include either:

(a) Any project for improvement of a structure to correct existing violations of State or local health, sanitary or safety code specifications that have been identified by the local code enforcement official and that are the minimum necessary to ensure safe living conditions; or

(b) Any alteration of a structure listed on the State or local inventory of historic resources. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1270))

18.20.1267.5 Surface water conveyance system.

“Surface water conveyance system” means the drainage facilities and features, both natural and constructed, that collect, contain and provide for the flow of surface and stormwater from the highest points on the land down to receiving water. The natural elements of the conveyance system include swales and small drainage courses, streams, lakes, and wetlands. The constructed elements of the conveyance system include gutters, ditches, pipes, channels, manholes, catchbasins, flow control and water quality treatment facilities, biofiltration swales, and natural or constructed channels. (Ord. 13-09 § 26; Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1268 Surface water discharge.

“Surface water discharge” means the flow of surface water into receiving water or another discharge point. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1269 TDC.

“TDC” means transfer of development credits. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1273))

18.20.1270 TDC amenities.

“TDC amenities” means improvements or programs that are implemented to facilitate increased densities on or near receiving sites inside cities or in the urban unincorporated area. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1273A))

18.20.1271 TDC bank fund.

“TDC bank fund” means the fund established under Chapter 18.95 CMC. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1273B))

18.20.1272 TDC conversion ratio.

“TDC conversion ratio” means the ratio by which development credits purchased from a sending site are converted into additional development capacity for use on a receiving site. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1273C))

18.20.1273 TDC executive board.

“TDC executive board” means the board established under Chapter 18.95 CMC. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1273D))

18.20.1274 Temporary lodging/hotel.

“Temporary lodging/hotel” means an establishment that provides temporary sleeping accommodations, and may also include ancillary uses such as restaurant, lounge, banquet rooms and convention facilities. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C))

18.20.1275 Temporary use permit.

“Temporary use permit” means permit to allow a use of limited duration and/or frequency, or to allow multiple related events over a specified period. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1275))

18.20.1277 Theater.

“Theater” means an establishment primarily engaged in the indoor exhibition of motion pictures or of live theatrical presentations. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1277))

18.20.1278 Theatrical production services.

“Theatrical production services” means an establishment engaged in uses located in SIC Industry No. 792 – Theatrical producers (except motion picture), bands, orchestras, and entertainers, except establishments primarily engaged in providing live theatrical presentations, such as road companies and summer theaters. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1278))

18.20.1280 Tightline sewer.

“Tightline sewer” means a sewer trunk line designed and intended specifically to serve only a particular facility or place, and whose pipe diameter should be sized appropriately to ensure service only to that facility or place. It may occur outside the local service area for sewers, but does not amend the local service area. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1280))

18.20.1285 Trails.

“Trails” means manmade pathways designed and intended for use by pedestrians, bicyclists, equestrians, and/or recreational users. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1285))

18.20.1290 Transfer station.

“Transfer station” means a staffed collection and transportation facility used by private individuals and route collection vehicles to deposit solid waste collected off-site into larger transfer vehicles for transport to permanent disposal sites, and may also include recycling facilities involving collection or processing for shipment. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1290))

18.20.1295 Transit base.

“Transit base” means an establishment for the storage, dispatch, repair and maintenance of coaches, light rail trains, and other vehicles of a public transit system. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1295))

18.20.1305 Transitional housing facilities.

“Transitional housing facilities” means housing units within City of Covington owned by public housing authorities, nonprofit organizations or other public interest groups that provide housing to persons on a temporary basis for a duration not to exceed 24 months in conjunction with job training, self sufficiency training, and human services counseling; the purpose of which is to help persons make the transition from homelessness to placement in permanent housing. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1305))

18.20.1315 Transmission line booster station.

“Transmission line booster station” means an establishment containing equipment designed to increase voltage of electrical power transported through transmission and/or distribution lines to compensate for power loss due to resistance. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1315))

18.20.1330 Transportation system management (TSM).

“Transportation system management (TSM)” means low-cost projects that can be implemented in a short time frame designed to increase the efficiency of existing transportation facilities. This also includes transit and/or ride sharing measures to decrease single occupancy vehicle trips. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1330))

18.20.1331 Tree, hazard.

“Tree, hazard” means any tree with a structural defect, combination of defects or disease resulting in structural defect that, under the normal range of environmental conditions at the site, will result in the loss of a major structural component of that tree in a manner that will:

(1) Damage a residential structure or accessory structure, place of employment or public assembly or approved parking for a residential structure or accessory structure or place of employment or public assembly;

(2) Damage an approved road or utility facility; or

(3) Prevent emergency access in the case of medical hardship. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1332 Trough subsidence.

“Trough subsidence” means a readily predictable or historically observed surface depression phenomena caused by coal extraction which is generally characterized by a gentle and continuous dish shape which may extend beyond the subsurface area in which coal mining has occurred. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1332))

18.20.1335 Ultimate roadway section.

“Ultimate roadway section” means a designation by City of Covington that the maximum roadway or intersection capacity has been reached and further right-of-way acquisition and/or improvements are not feasible to increase peak hour vehicle capacity. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1335))

18.20.1345 Use.

“Use” means activity or function carried out on an area of land, or in a building or structure located thereon. Any use subordinate or incidental to the primary use on a site is considered an accessory use. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1345))

18.20.1347 Utility corridor.

“Utility corridor” means a narrow strip of land containing underground or above-ground utilities and the area necessary to maintain those utilities. A “utility corridor” is contained within and is a portion of any utility right-of-way or dedicated easement. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1348 Utility facility.

“Utility facility” means a facility for the distribution or transmission of services, including:

(1) Telephone exchanges;

(2) Water pipelines, pumping or treatment stations;

(3) Electrical substations;

(4) Water storage reservoirs or tanks;

(5) Municipal ground water well-fields;

(6) Regional surface water flow control and water quality facilities;

(7) Natural gas pipelines, gate stations and limiting stations;

(8) Propane, compressed natural gas and liquefied natural gas storage tanks serving multiple lots or uses from which fuel is distributed directly to individual users;

(9) Wastewater pipelines, lift stations, pump stations, regulator stations or odor control facilities; and

(10) Communication cables, electrical wires and associated structural supports. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1350). Formerly 18.20.1350)

18.20.1349 Utility facility, major.

“Utility facility, major” means large scale facilities that serve a regional need, have major above-ground visual impacts and/or result in noise, odors, or other activities that are incompatible with residential and other less intensive uses. Such facilities may include sewage treatment plants, transfer stations, electrical substations, high voltage transmission lines, regional water storage tanks and reservoirs, storage yards and regional sewer collectors and interceptors. This definition does not include wireless communication facilities. (Ord. 01-11 § 1)

18.20.1350 Utility facility, minor.

“Utility facility, minor” means a small scale facility serving primarily local distribution needs within the City, including underground power lines, water distribution lines, sewer lift stations, and storm water conveyance pipes, fiber optic cable, pump stations and hydrants, switching boxes, and other structures normally found in a street right-of-way to serve adjacent properties. (Ord. 01-11 § 1)

18.20.1352 Vactor waste.

“Vactor waste” means liquid or solid waste material collected from catch basins, retention/detention facilities or drainage pipes. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1352))

18.20.1353 Vactor waste receiving facility.

“Vactor waste receiving facility” means a facility where vactor waste is brought for treatment and storage prior to final disposal. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1353))

18.20.1355 Variance.

“Variance” means an adjustment in the application of standards of a zoning code to a particular property. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1355))

18.20.1360 Vegetation.

“Vegetation” means any and all plant life growing at, below or above the soil surface. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1360))

18.20.1365 Vocational school.

“Vocational school” means establishments offering training in a skill or trade to be pursued as a career. (Ord. 10-10 § 3 (Exh. C); Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1365))

18.20.1375 Warehousing and wholesale trade.

“Warehousing and wholesale trade” means establishments involved in the storage and/or sale of bulk goods for resale or assembly, excluding establishments offering the sale of bulk goods to the general public which is classified as a retail use in CMC 18.25.070. These establishments shall include only SIC Major Group Nos. 50 and 51 and SIC Industry Group Nos. 422 and 423. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1375))

18.20.1380 Wastewater treatment facility.

“Wastewater treatment facility” means a plant for collection, decontamination and disposal of sewage, including residential, industrial and agricultural liquid wastes, and including any physical improvement within the scope of the definition of “water pollution control facility” set forth in WAC 173-90-015(4) as amended. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1380))

18.20.1382 Water budget.

Repealed by Ord. 10-10. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1382))

18.20.1385 Water dependent use.

“Water dependent use” means a land use which can only exist when the interface between wet meadows, grazed land and water provides the biological or physical conditions necessary for the use. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1385))

18.20.1390 Wet meadow, grazed or tilled.

“Wet meadow, grazed or tilled” means an emergent wetland that has grasses, sedges, rushes or other herbaceous vegetation as its predominant vegetation and has been previously converted to agricultural activities. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1390))

18.20.1393 Wetland complex.

“Wetland complex” means a grouping of two or more wetlands, not including grazed wet meadows, which meet the following criteria:

(1) Each wetland included in the complex is within 500 feet of the delineated edge of at least one other wetland in the complex;

(2) The complex includes at least:

(a) One wetland classified Category I or II;

(b) Three wetlands classified Category III; or

(3) The area between each wetland and at least one other wetland in the complex is predominately vegetated with shrubs and trees; and

(4) There are not any barriers to migration or dispersal of amphibian, reptile or mammal species that are commonly recognized to exclusively or partially use wetlands and wetland buffers during a critical life cycle stage, such as breeding, rearing or feeding. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1394 Wetland creation.

“Wetland creation” means, for purposes of wetland mitigation, the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics present to develop a wetland on an upland or deepwater site, where a wetland did not previously exist. Activities to create a wetland typically involve excavation of upland soils to elevations that will produce a wetland hydroperiod, create hydric soils and support the growth of hydrophytic plant species. Wetland creation results in a gain in wetland acres. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1395 Wetland edge.

“Wetland edge” means the line delineating the outer edge of a wetland, consistent with the wetland delineation manual required by RCW 36.70A.175. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1395))

18.20.1397 Wetland enhancement.

“Wetland enhancement” means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a wetland site to heighten, intensify or improve specific functions or to change the growth state or composition of the vegetation present. Enhancement is undertaken for specified purposes such as water quality improvement, flood water retention or wildlife habitat. Wetland enhancement activities typically consist of planting vegetation, controlling nonnative or invasive species, modifying site elevations or the proportion of open water to influence hydroperiods or some combination of these. Wetland enhancement results in a change in some wetland functions and can lead to a decline in other wetland functions, but does not result in a gain in wetland acres. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1400 Wetland, forested.

“Wetland, forested” means a wetland that is dominated by mature woody vegetation or a wetland vegetation class that is characterized by woody vegetation at least 20 feet tall. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1400))

18.20.1405 Wetland functions.

“Wetland functions” means natural processes performed by wetlands including functions which are important in facilitating food chain production, providing habitat for nesting, rearing and resting sites for aquatic, terrestrial and avian species, maintaining the availability and quality of water, acting as recharge and discharge areas for ground water aquifers and moderating surface and storm water flows, as well as performing other functions including, but not limited to, those set forth in 33 CFR 320.4(b)(2), 1988. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1405))

18.20.1410 Wetland, isolated.

“Wetland, isolated” means a wetland which has a total size less than 2,500 square feet excluding buffers or, if within the urban area is less than 5,000 square feet excluding buffers, which is hydrologically isolated from other wetlands or streams does not have permanent open water, and is determined to be of low function. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1410))

18.20.1415 Wetland.

“Wetland” means an area that is not an aquatic area and that is inundated or saturated by ground or surface water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and under normal circumstances supports, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions or purposes of this definition:

(1) Where the vegetation has been removed or substantially altered, “wetland” is determined by the presence or evidence of hydric soil, by other documentation such as aerial photographs of the previous existence of wetland vegetation or by any other manner authorized in the wetland delineation manual required by RCW 36.70A.175; and

(2) Except for artificial features intentionally made for the purpose of mitigation, “wetland” does not include an artificial feature made from a nonwetland area, which may include, but is not limited to:

(a) A surface water conveyance for drainage or irrigation;

(b) A grass-lined swale;

(d) A flow control facility;

(e) A wastewater treatment facility;

(f) A farm pond;

(g) A wetpond;

(h) Landscape amenities; or

(i) A wetland created after July 1, 1990, that was unintentionally made as a result of construction of a road, street or highway. (Ord. 14-05 § 2; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1415))

18.20.1416 Wetland reestablishment.

“Wetland reestablishment” means, for purposes of wetland mitigation, the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a site with the goal of returning natural or historic functions to a former wetland. Activities to reestablish a wetland include removing fill material, plugging ditches, or breaking drain tiles. Wetland reestablishment results in a gain in wetland acres. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1417 Wetland rehabilitation.

“Wetland rehabilitation” means, for purposes of wetland mitigation, the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a site with the goal of repairing natural or historic functions of a degraded wetland. Activities to rehabilitate a wetland include breaching a dike to reconnect wetlands to a floodplain or return tidal influence to a wetland. Wetland rehabilitation results in a gain in wetland function but does not result in a gain in wetland acres. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1418 Wetland vegetation class.

“Wetland vegetation class” means a wetland community classified by its vegetation including aquatic bed, emergent, forested and shrub-scrub. To constitute a separate wetland vegetation class, the vegetation must be at least partially rooted within the wetland and must occupy the uppermost stratum of a contiguous area or comprise at least 30 percent areal coverage of the entire wetland. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1420 Wetpond.

“Wetpond” means an artificial water body constructed as a part of a surface water management system. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1420))

18.20.1422 Wildlife.

“Wildlife” means birds, fish and animals that are not domesticated and are considered to be wild. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1423 Wildlife habitat conservation area.

“Wildlife habitat conservation area” means an area for a species whose habitat the Covington or King County Comprehensive Plan requires the City or County to protect that includes an active breeding site and the area surrounding the breeding site that is necessary to protect breeding activity. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1424 Wildlife habitat network.

“Wildlife habitat network” means the official wildlife habitat network defined and mapped in the King County Comprehensive Plan that links wildlife habitat with critical areas, critical area buffers, priority habitats, trails, parks, open space and other areas to provide for wildlife movement and alleviate habitat fragmentation. (Ord. 14-05 § 3)

18.20.1425 Wildlife shelter.

“Wildlife shelter” means a facility for the temporary housing of sick, wounded or displaced wildlife. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1425))

18.20.1430 Work release facility.

“Work release facility” means a facility which allows the opportunity for convicted persons to be employed outside of the facility, but requires confinement within the facility when not in the place of employment. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1430))

18.20.1432 Wrecked, dismantled or inoperative vehicle.

“Wrecked, dismantled or inoperative vehicle” means a motor vehicle or the remains or remnant parts of a motor vehicle which is mechanically inoperative and cannot be made operative without the addition of vital parts or mechanisms or the application of a substantial amount of labor and is certified by the Department of Community Development as meeting at least three of the following requirements:

(1) Is three years old or older;

(2) Is extensively damaged, such damage including but not limited to any of the following: missing wheels, tires, motor, or transmission;

(3) Is apparently inoperable;

(4) Has an approximate fair market value equal only to the approximate value of the scrap in it. (Amended at request of department 2/08; Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1432))

18.20.1435 Yard or organic waste processing facility.

“Yard or organic waste processing facility” means a site where yard and garden wastes, including wood and land clearing debris, are processed into new products such as soil amendments and wood chips. (Ord. 42-02 § 2 (21A.06.1435))

Code reviser’s note: Ord. 10-10 added this section as CMC 18.20.147. This section has been editorially renumbered to preserve alphabetization.

Code reviser’s note: Ord. 10-10 adds this section as CMC 18.20.1023. This section has been editorially renumbered to preserve alphabetization.