Chapter 18.176
PARKING STANDARDS
Sections:
18.176.030 Traditional residential.
18.176.050 Multiple-family residential.
18.176.060 Manufactured home residential.
18.176.070 Neighborhood commercial and downtown commercial.
18.176.010 General.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: PR, ER, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, TR, LR, MH, UV, IS, NC, DC, C1, C2, HC, I1, I2, I3, HI.
The intent of parking standards is to require minimal parking standards in order to assure public health, safety and welfare; minimize risks to the natural environment; and minimize conflict and promote vehicular and pedestrian safety along streets by minimizing on-street parking. The following standards apply:
(A) Project Applicability. Parking consistent with the requirements of this title shall be required when any of the following conditions are met:
(1) New Primary Structure. An improvement location permit for a new primary structure is obtained.
(2) Large Expansion. An improvement location permit for an existing parking lot to be expanded 10 percent or more of its existing size is obtained.
(3) Second Expansion. A legally nonconforming parking area has already been expanded one time, up to 10 percent of its existing size, with a valid improvement location permit, and a second expansion is proposed for the same legal nonconforming parking area.
(B) Cross-Reference.
(1) Setback Standards. Parking lots shall comply with the setbacks in AMC 18.160.360, Setback standards.
(2) Driveways. For standards regarding driveways or access to parking lots, see AMC 18.160.090 through 18.160.120, Driveway standards.
(3) Temporary Sales in Parking Lots. For standards regarding temporary structures and temporary uses located in existing parking lots or parking areas, see AMC 18.160.460 through 18.160.500, Temporary use and structure standards.
(C) Permits. An improvement location permit shall be required for new parking lots or the expansion of an existing parking lot.
(D) Design.
(1) Materials. All off-street parking shall utilize a paved surface of concrete, asphalt, brick pavers, porous concrete, or the like. Gravel, stone, rock, dirt, sand, or grass shall not be permitted as parking surfaces.
(2) Size of Spaces. Each off-street parking space shall be a minimum of nine feet wide and 18 feet in length.
(3) Right-of-Way. Off-street parking spaces shall not be fully or partially in a right-of-way or access easement.
(E) Prohibited. Parking of motor vehicles shall not be permitted on yards, lawns, or similar pervious-surfaced areas on a lot. [Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.53.]
18.176.020 Residential.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: ER, R1, R2, R3, R4. The following standards apply:
(A) Quantity. A minimum of three off-street parking spaces shall be required per dwelling unit.
(B) Location.
(1) Same Lot. The required parking spaces shall be located on the same lot as the dwelling unit.
(2) Garages. The required parking spaces may include spaces within garages and/or carports. [Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.54.]
18.176.030 Traditional residential.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: TR. The following standards apply:
(A) Quantity. A minimum of two off-street parking spaces shall be required per dwelling unit.
(B) Location.
(1) Same Lot. The required parking spaces shall be located on the same lot as the dwelling unit.
(2) Garages. The required parking spaces may include spaces within garages and/or carports. [Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.55.]
18.176.040 Lake residential.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: LR. The following standards apply:
(A) Quantity. A minimum of two off-street parking spaces shall be required per dwelling unit.
(B) Location.
(1) Single Lot. The required parking spaces shall be located on the same lot as the dwelling unit.
(2) Multiple Lots. In cases where a lake front through lot includes an adjacent lot separated only by a right-of-way or access easement, the required parking spaces shall be located on the lake front lot or the adjacent lot which is legally associated with the lake front lot.
(3) Garages. The required parking spaces may include spaces within garages and/or carports. [Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.56.]
18.176.050 Multiple-family residential.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: R5. The following standards apply:
(A) Quantity.
(1) Tenants. A minimum of two parking spaces shall be required per dwelling unit.
(2) Visitors. One parking space per every two dwelling units shall be required for visitors.
(B) Location.
(1) Tenants. Tenant parking spaces shall be located on the same site as the dwelling unit. Tenant parking spaces may include spaces within garages and/or carports.
(2) Visitors. Visitor parking spaces shall be located in a common parking area or as angled parking along internal private streets, but shall be proportionately assigned to an area within 200 feet of each multiple-family structure. [Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.57.]
18.176.060 Manufactured home residential.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: MH. The following standards apply:
(A) Quantity.
(1) Dwelling Site. A minimum of two parking spaces shall be required per dwelling site.
(2) Visitors. One parking space per every three dwelling sites shall be required for visitors.
(B) Location.
(1) Dwelling Site. The required dwelling site parking spaces shall be located on the dwelling site. The required dwelling site parking spaces may include spaces within garages and/or carports.
(2) Visitors. Visitor parking spaces shall be located in a common parking area or as on-street parking along internal private streets, but shall be proportionately dispersed throughout the development. [Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.58.]
18.176.070 Neighborhood commercial and downtown commercial.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: NC, DC. The following standards apply:
(A) Quantity. One off-street parking space shall be required per dwelling unit.
(B) Location. The off-street parking space required shall be within 600 feet of the entryway into the building to which the dwelling unit is located and may be in a public or municipal-owned parking lot. [Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.59.]
18.176.080 Nonresidential.
This parking standards section applies to the following zoning districts: UV, IS, NC, C1, C2, HC, I1, I2, I3, HI. The following standards apply:
(A) Quantity.
(1) Minimum Number.
(a) Off-street parking shall be required for all uses as shown in Table 18.176.080, Minimum Number of Parking Spaces per Use. The land use is listed in the left column. The minimum number of parking spaces for employees or tenants is in the middle column, and the minimum number of parking spaces for visitors, clients, and customers is in the right column. The minimum number of parking spaces shall be the sum of both Parking Types columns. The numbers do not guarantee the quantity needed per use; only minimums are expressed.
(b) A development that combines two or more uses or group of adjacent developments may provide a shared parking area if the shared lot provides a minimum of 75 percent of the required spaces for each use and the Zoning Administrator approves the shared parking area.
(c) If a use is not clearly noted in Table 18.176.080, the Zoning Administrator shall determine a use with similar employment and customer characteristics, therefore determining the minimum number of parking spaces required.
(2) Maximum Number. Developments that wish to have more than 130 percent of the minimum required number of spaces shall be required to increase the required perimeter parking lot landscaping (see AMC 18.172.040, Parking lot planting standards) by 50 percent, increase the size of the required parking lot landscape islands by 50 percent, and increase the planting requirements in those islands by 50 percent. Developments that wish to have more than 160 percent of the minimum required number of spaces shall be required to double the required perimeter parking lot landscaping, double the size of the required parking lot landscape islands, and double the required plantings in those parking lot landscape islands.
(3) Bicycle Parking. Developments are encouraged to provide bicycle parking areas when appropriate. If provided, bicycle parking areas shall be within 60 feet of the main entryway into the primary structure or be located inside the primary structure. Additionally, a secured bike rack shall be installed to provide the opportunity for secure parking of bicycles.
(4) Stacking Lanes. The following uses shall provide minimum stacking lane space as indicated below to accommodate drop-off and pick-up:
(a) ATM: three per ATM lane.
(b) Banks: three per drive-up window lane.
(c) Day care center, adult: three.
(d) Day care center, child: six.
(e) Dry cleaner: three.
(f) Fast food restaurant: seven.
(g) Pick-up windows: five.
(h) Place of worship: 10.
(i) School: 10.
(B) Design. Parking lots and parking areas shall meet the following criteria:
(1) Aisle Widths: Minimum parking aisle widths shall be as follows.
(a) Sixty-one-degree- to ninety-degree-angle spaces shall have a minimum 18-feet-wide parking aisle for one-way traffic or minimum 24-feet-wide parking aisle for one- or two-way traffic.
(b) Forty-six-degree- to sixty-degree-angle spaces shall have a minimum of 18-feet-wide parking aisle for one-way traffic.
(c) Up-to-forty-five-degree-angle spaces shall have a minimum 12-feet-wide parking aisle for one-way traffic.
(2) Aisle Exits. All parking aisles shall have an outlet or turn around. Dead-end parking aisles shall not be permitted.
(3) Driving Lanes. Driving lanes in parking lots that provide access to parking aisles shall be defined by striping, curbs, pavement markings, arrows, or parking spaces.
(4) Maneuvering. Parking areas shall be designed to prevent vehicles from maneuvering in the right-of-way.
(5) Drainage. Parking areas shall be constructed to prevent 95 percent of a parking lot’s area from ponding.
(6) Lighting.
(a) If parking lots are illuminated, the light fixtures and poles shall be consistent in color, size, height, and design.
(b) Parking lot lights shall not exceed 25 feet in height, measured from the bottom of the fixture to the ground.
(c) Parking lot lights shall meet all standards in AMC 18.160.250, Lighting standards.
(7) Connectivity.
(a) Connectivity to adjacent parking lots shall be required in at least one location. This may be accomplished through an aisle connector, frontage street, access street, or stub to an adjacent lot zoned for commercial, institutional, or industrial use.
(b) Cross-Access Easements.
(i) Where parking lots connect or are laid out to be connected, a cross-access easement shall be established in accordance with the requirements of AMC 18.156.060, Easement standards.
(ii) Cross-access easements shall not be less than 10 feet in width per lane nor exceed 12 feet in width per lane.
(8) Cart Corrals. Cart corrals shall be required for all retail businesses with more than 20,000 square feet of retail space that provide shopping carts or the like to customers. Cart corrals shall be made of permanent materials and be anchored to the parking lot surface to prevent them from moving in wind. Cart corrals shall not exceed 10 feet in width and 36 feet in length. Cart corrals shall be maintained in good condition and shall not have commercial signs affixed to them.
|
Land Use |
Parking Types |
|
|---|---|---|
|
Employee and Tenant Parking |
Visitor, Client, and Customer Parking |
|
|
Commercial and Service Uses |
|
|
|
amusement park |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
84.5 spaces per acre |
|
automobile oriented business |
see specific uses below |
see specific uses below |
|
automobile accessory installation |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
2 spaces per bay |
|
automobile body shop |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
2 spaces per bay |
|
automobile gas station |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
automobile oil change facility |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
2 spaces per bay |
|
automobile parts sales |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
automobile rental |
2 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
— |
|
automobile repair or service station |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
2 spaces per bay |
|
automobile wash |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
2 spaces per bay |
|
bank machine or ATM |
— |
2 spaces per ATM |
|
banquet hall |
— |
1 space per 3 persons of maximum occupancy |
|
bar or tavern |
— |
1 space per 3 persons of maximum occupancy |
|
barber or beauty shop |
— |
3 spaces per chair |
|
billiard or arcade room |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
bowling alley |
— |
4 spaces per lane |
|
campground |
— |
1.5 spaces per campsite |
|
club or lodge |
— |
1 space per 3 persons of maximum occupancy |
|
coffee shop |
— |
1 space per 3 seats |
|
coin laundry |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. floor area |
|
commercial training facility or school |
— |
1 space per student of maximum occupancy |
|
country club |
— |
1 space per 3 persons of maximum occupancy |
|
dance or night club |
— |
1 space per 3 persons of maximum occupancy |
|
day care, adult |
— |
1 space per 4 persons of licensed capacity |
|
day care, child |
— |
1 space per 4 persons of licensed capacity |
|
delicatessen |
— |
1 space per 3 seats |
|
driving range |
— |
2 spaces per 3 tee boxes |
|
dry cleaner |
— |
3 spaces plus 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area accessible to the public |
|
fitness center or health club |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
funeral home or mortuary |
— |
1 space per 4 seats |
|
golf course |
— |
20 spaces per 9 holes |
|
health spa or day spa |
— |
3 spaces per spa suite |
|
hotel or motel |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per unit |
|
ice cream shop |
— |
1 space per 3 seats |
|
kennel |
— |
1 space per 5 pet accommodation spaces |
|
marina |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
miniature golf |
— |
20 spaces per 18-hole course |
|
movie theater |
— |
1 space per 4 seats |
|
office, construction trade |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
— |
|
office, design services |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
office, financial services |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
office, general services |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
office, medical |
— |
4 spaces per treatment room |
|
paintball facility |
— |
10 spaces per court or field |
|
photographic studio |
— |
3 spaces per studio |
|
race track |
— |
1 space per 3 seats |
|
recreation center or play center |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
restaurant |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
shooting range |
— |
2 spaces per target |
|
skating rink |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
sports complex |
— |
20 spaces per field or court |
|
sports complex (indoor) |
— |
20 spaces per field or court |
|
sports field |
— |
20 spaces per field or court |
|
stable, commercial |
— |
2 spaces per stable |
|
studio arts |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
swimming pool |
— |
1 space per 75 sq. ft. of water surface |
|
tailor or pressing shop |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
tanning salon |
— |
1.5 spaces per bed |
|
tattoo or piercing parlor |
— |
1.5 spaces per chair |
|
type 1 retail, very low intensity |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
type 2 retail, low intensity |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
type 3 retail, medium intensity |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
type 4 retail, high intensity |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
type 5 retail, very high intensity |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
type 6 retail, special handling |
see specific use below |
see specific use below |
|
fireworks sales |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
gun sales |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
hunting store |
— |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
manufactured home sales |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 500 sq. ft. of showroom space |
|
recreational vehicle or watercraft sales |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 500 sq. ft. of showroom space |
|
semi tractor-trailer sales |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 500 sq. ft. of showroom space |
|
tools or heavy equipment rental |
2 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
— |
|
watercraft rental |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1.5 spaces per every rentable watercraft |
|
winery |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area accessible to the public |
|
yacht club |
— |
1 space per 3 persons of maximum occupancy |
|
Industrial Uses |
|
|
|
assembly |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
construction demolition landfill |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
distribution facility |
1.5 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
electrical generation plant |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
flex-space |
1.5 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
food production or processing |
1.5 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
gravel or sand mining |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
heavy equipment repair |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 5 employees |
|
heavy manufacturing |
1.5 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
incinerator |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
junkyard |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
light manufacturing |
1.5 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
liquid fertilizer storage or distribution |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
outdoor storage |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
radio or TV station |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 5 employees |
|
recycling processing |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
rendering plant |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
research center |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 5 employees |
|
sanitary landfill or refuse dump |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
scrap metal yard |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
sewage treatment plant |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
sign painting or fabrication |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 5 employees |
|
storage tank facility |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
telecommunication facility |
2 spaces per facility |
— |
|
testing lab |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 5 employees |
|
tool and dye shop |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
transfer station |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
utility facility, above-ground |
|
|
|
electrical generator |
1 space per facility |
— |
|
pipeline pumping station |
1 space per facility |
— |
|
public well |
1 space per facility |
— |
|
telephone exchange |
1 space per facility |
— |
|
utility substation |
1 space per facility |
— |
|
warehouse |
1.5 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
warehouse storage facility |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
water treatment plant |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 10 employees |
|
welding |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 5 employees |
|
Institutional Uses |
|
|
|
bus station |
— |
8 spaces per bus bay |
|
cemetery |
— |
1 space per 50 grave sites |
|
child care institution |
— |
— |
|
church, temple, or mosque |
— |
3 spaces per 7 seats |
|
community center |
— |
1 space per 3 persons at maximum occupancy |
|
crematory |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
5 visitor spaces |
|
government office |
— |
1 space per 500 sq. ft. of floor area |
|
government operation (non-office) |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
— |
|
hospital |
1.5 spaces per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per bed |
|
jail |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 8 cells |
|
juvenile detention facility |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 8 cells |
|
library, public |
— |
1 space per 3 persons at maximum occupancy |
|
municipal airport or heliport |
— |
1 space per 2 emplaning passengers |
|
museum |
— |
1 space per 3 persons at maximum occupancy |
|
nature center |
— |
1 space per 3 persons at maximum occupancy |
|
park |
— |
1 space per acre; 20 spaces per sport court or field |
|
police, fire or rescue station |
1 space per employee |
— |
|
pool, public |
— |
1 space per 75 sq. ft. of water surface |
|
post office |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 150 sq. ft. accessible to the public |
|
prison |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 visitor space per 15 cells |
|
recycling collection point |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per collection bin |
|
school (P – 12) |
1 space per teacher, staff, administrator |
3 spaces per elementary or junior high classroom; 1 space per 10 high school student enrollment capacity; and 1 space per 4 seats in the largest assembly space in the school (based on maximum occupancy) |
|
skate park |
— |
1 space per 500 sq. ft. of skating surface |
|
trade or business school |
1 space per teacher, staff, administrator |
— |
|
university or college |
— |
1 space per 3 students |
|
Residential Uses |
|
|
|
assisted living facility |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 3 rooms |
|
boarding house |
1 space per room |
1 space per 10 rooms |
|
dwelling, upper floors in DC or NC |
1 space per unit |
1 visitor space per 15 children |
|
nursing home |
1 space per employee on the largest shift |
1 space per 3 rooms |
[Ord. 1746-2023; Ord. 1286-2008. UDO § 5.60.]