Article 1308
OFF-STREET LOADING AND PARKING
Sections:
1308.01 Off-street loading.
(A) Off-Street Loading. Off-street loading shall be provided in accordance with the specifications in this section in all districts, whenever any new use is established or an existing one is enlarged, except that unless required by special exception or conditional use, all uses in the B-1 central business district are exempt from these off-street loading provisions.
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Use |
First Berth |
Second Berth |
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Industrial: |
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Manufacturing |
5,000 |
50,000 |
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Warehouse |
10,000 |
50,000 |
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Storage |
10,000 |
50,000 |
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Commercial: |
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Wholesale |
10,000 |
50,000 |
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Retail |
10,000 |
40,000 |
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Service establishment |
30,000 |
60,000 |
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Restaurants |
40,000 |
80,000 |
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Office building |
10,000 |
100,000 |
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Hotel |
10,000 |
100,000 |
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Institutional: |
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Schools |
10,000 |
100,000 |
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Hospitals |
50,000 |
100,000 |
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Nursing homes |
50,000 |
100,000 |
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Civic/Cultural Buildings: |
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Auditoriums |
30,000 |
100,000 |
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Stadiums |
30,000 |
100,000 |
Note: All figures are given in gross square feet of floor area for each listed use.
(B) Size and Access. Each off-street loading space shall be not less than 12 feet in uniform width and 65 feet in length, including 15-foot height clearance. It shall be so designed so the vehicles using loading spaces are not required to back onto a public street or alley. Such spaces shall abut a public street or alley or have an easement of access thereto. (Ord. 3578 § 21, 2001; Ord. 3384 § 2, 1994)
1308.02 Off-street parking.
Off-street parking shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of this section in all zoning districts.
(A) Size and Access. Off-street parking spaces shall have an area determined by their use. In the case of dwellings, industrial and manufacturing establishments, warehouses, wholesale and truck terminals, and institutional uses, each space shall be not less than 162 square feet, being at least nine feet wide and 18 feet long. For all other uses, each space shall have an area of 180 square feet, being at least 10 feet wide and 18 feet long. No portion of a parking space shall include a portion of an access drive, sidewalk, lawful service drive, or public right-of-way of a street or alley. All parking areas and spaces shall include a turnaround area so that vehicles are not required to back onto public streets. Where an existing lot does not abut on a public or private street, alley or easement of access, there shall be provided a lawful service drive leading to the parking or storage areas or loading spaces. Such lawful service drive shall not be less than 10 feet wide. Access to off-street parking areas shall be limited to well-defined locations, and in no case shall there be unrestricted access along a street. Specifically, single-lane driveways shall be at least 10 feet wide but shall not exceed 12 feet. Double lane drives (for ingress and egress) may be up to 24 feet wide. All lawful service drives must comply with standards and specifications adopted from time to time by the city. With the exception of lawful service drives and approved parking spaces in parking lots, no motor vehicles shall be stored in front yard areas, or between a building and the public right-of-way.
(B) Number of Parking Spaces Required. The number of off-street parking spaces required is set forth in Table 1308.02 – Parking, with the following exceptions. First, unless required by special exception or conditional use, all uses in the B-1 central business district are exempt from the parking space requirements of this section. Second, lawful uses occupying a pre-existing structure with no substantive physical changes to the dimensions of the building shall be exempt from the parking space requirements of this section provided there are no conditional use or special exception requirements, provided there are no substantive projected increases in traffic as a result of a change in use, and provided there are adequate on-street or available off-street parking spaces to meet the requirements within 500 feet of the use as determined by the zoning administrator. Where the use of the premises is not specifically mentioned, requirements for similar uses shall apply. If no similar uses are mentioned, the parking requirements shall be one space for each two proposed patrons and/or occupants of that structure. Where more than one use exists on a lot, parking regulations for each use must be met.
|
Use Spaces |
Required Parking |
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Automotive sales lots |
1 for each 200 sq. ft. of lot area |
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Gasoline service station/repair garages |
1 for each 200 sq. ft. GFA |
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Service stations |
1 for each 200 sq. ft. GFA |
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Single-family dwelling and duplex |
1 per two bedrooms |
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Multiple-family dwelling |
2.0 per dwelling unit* |
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Mobile home parks |
2.0 per each mobile home lot |
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Inns, hotels and motels, bed and breakfast |
1 per guest room** |
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Funeral home and mortuaries |
25 for the first parlor 10 for each additional parlor |
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Hospitals |
1 per each bed** |
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Nursing homes/personal care homes |
1 per each 3 beds** |
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Churches |
1 per each 4 seats |
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Schools |
1 per each teacher and staff 1 for each 4 classrooms plus 1 for each 4 high school students |
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Museums and libraries |
1 per each 500 sq. ft. GFA** |
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Sports arenas, stadiums, theaters, auditoriums, assembly halls |
1 per each 3 seats** |
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Community buildings, social halls, dance halls, clubs and lodges |
1 space for each 60 sq. ft. of public floor area |
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Roller rinks |
1 space for each 200 sq. ft. GFA |
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Bowling alleys |
5 per alley |
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Banks and offices (not elsewhere classified) |
1 for each 250 sq. ft. GFA |
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Medical or veterinary office and clinics |
6 spaces per doctor |
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Retail stores |
1 per each 200 sq. ft. GFA |
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Fast food/drive-through restaurants |
1 per each 50 sq. ft. GFA** |
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Furniture stores |
1 per each 400 sq. ft. GFA |
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Food supermarkets |
1 per each 200 sq. ft. GFA |
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Restaurants, taverns and nightclubs |
1 for each 2.5 patron seats |
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Industrial and manufacturing establishments, warehouses, wholesale and truck terminals |
1 space per employee, on the largest shift, plus 1 space for each 10,000 sq. ft. for visitors |
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Commercial recreation (not otherwise covered) |
1 space for every 3 persons permitted in maximum occupancy |
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Dormitories, fraternities/sororities |
1 for each 2 rooms |
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Student dwelling unit |
1 space per occupant |
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*Multiple-family units devoted to the elderly shall only be required to provide one and one-half parking spaces per unit. Such uses must supply adequate proof they will be dedicated to elderly tenants and shall be required to follow normal parking standards if they revert to non-elderly use. |
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**Plus one space per employee and staff on major shift. |
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Note: GFA means gross floor area. |
(C) Location and Design. Required parking spaces shall be located on the same lot with the principal use unless the zoning administrator determines that it is impractical to provide parking on the same lot with the principal use, in which case the zoning administrator may permit off-lot parking spaces within 500 feet of the lot of the principal use to be counted toward the parking requirement under the following circumstances: there shall be presented evidence, satisfactory to the zoning administrator, that (1) the designated parking spaces are dedicated and available for the intended use, and that (2) the designated parking spaces shall be located so as not to pose a hazard to or interfere with existing and foreseeable parking and traffic so as not to detract from or interfere with the nature and appearance of the neighborhood or planned development of the neighborhood, and so as to be consistent with the city’s land use plans, comprehensive plan, development plans, and with the public health, safety and welfare.
Off-street parking areas for more than five vehicles shall be placed in such locations as may be permitted by the zoning administrator with due consideration of the proposed use and access to the public streets, with the objective of preventing a hazard to or interference with existing and foreseeable parking and traffic in the vicinity, with the objective of preserving the appearance and character of the neighborhood or planned development of the neighborhood in which the parking is being located, and with the objective of locating the parking in a manner consistent with the city’s land use plans, comprehensive plan, development plans and with the public, health, safety and welfare.
(D) Screening and Landscaping. Off-street parking areas for more than five vehicles, and off-street loading areas, shall be effectively screened on any side which adjoins a residential district (see definition of "Screening") or use. There shall be a planting strip of at least five feet in width between all lot lines and the parking lot. Such planting strip shall be suitably landscaped and maintained in accord with a written landscape and maintenance plan filed with and approved by the zoning administrator. At a minimum, the required planting shall consist of one deciduous or coniferous tree per each four parking spaces, and one shrub per each four spaces. The balance of the planting strip may be maintained in annual plants or perennial grasses. At the time of planting, all shrubbery shall be a minimum of 18 inches in height as measured from the ground after proper planting and all coniferous trees shall be a minimum of 72 inches in height and all deciduous trees shall be a minimum of 96 inches in height as measured from the ground after proper planting. Parking lots containing more than 20,000 square feet of impervious parking surface shall devote an additional eight percent of surface area (exclusive of required border planting strips) to interior planting strips at locations and in designs approved by the zoning administrator. In exercising the approval authority granted by this subsection, the zoning administrator shall consider the nature of the use serviced by the parking facility, the nature, character and appearance of the neighborhood surrounding the parking facility, the land use and development plans and ordinances of the city and the public health, safety and welfare of the citizens of the city.
(E) Minimum Distance and Setbacks. No off-street loading or parking area for more than five vehicles shall be closer than 10 feet to any adjoining lot line containing a dwelling, or to any adjoining lot line within a residential zoning district, school, hospital, or similar institution.
(F) Surfacing. With the exception of single-family and two-family dwellings or conversion apartments, all parking and loading areas and access drives shall have a paved surface, graded with positive drainage to dispose of surface water. Drainage shall be designed to contain all surface water within or under the parking area until reaching a catch basin or other approved outlet area in accordance with city specifications and standards. A plan for such parking areas shall be submitted, including drainage provisions, to the city engineer for approval. Paving may include permeable pavers, pavers interlocked to allow storm water to flow through, or grill surfacing through the use of geotextiles and other materials. However, gravel surfacing is not permitted as a surface coat as compaction negates permeability. Alternate paving materials are subject to the approval of the city engineer.
(G) Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking or loading areas shall be arranged so as to reflect the light away from the adjoining premises of any residential district or use and away from roads or highways. (Ord. 3618 § 19, 2005; Ord. 3578 §§ 22 – 25, 2001; Ord. 3384 § 2, 1994)